On-chip baseband-to-RF interface and applications thereof

ABSTRACT

An on-chip baseband-to-RF interface includes a receive/transmit section, a control section, and a clock section. The receive/transmit section, when in a receive mode, provides the stream of inbound symbols from the RF circuit to the baseband processing module and, when in a transmit mode, provides the stream of outbound symbols from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit. The control section provides a control communication path between the baseband processing module and the RF circuit. The clock section provides a clock communication path between the baseband processing module and the RF circuit.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to wireless communication systems andmore particularly to integrated circuits of transceivers operatingwithin such systems.

2. Description of Related Art

Communication systems are known to support wireless and wire linedcommunications between wireless and/or wire lined communication devices.Such communication systems range from national and/or internationalcellular telephone systems to the Internet to point-to-point in-homewireless networks. Each type of communication system is constructed, andhence operates, in accordance with one or more communication standards.For instance, wireless communication systems may operate in accordancewith one or more standards including, but not limited to, IEEE 802.11,Bluetooth, advanced mobile phone services (AMPS), digital AMPS, globalsystem for mobile communications (GSM), code division multiple access(CDMA), local multi-point distribution systems (LMDS),multi-channel-multi-point distribution systems (MMDS), radio frequencyidentification (RFID), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE),General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and/or variations thereof.

Depending on the type of wireless communication system, a wirelesscommunication device, such as a cellular telephone, two-way radio,personal digital assistant (PDA), personal computer (PC), laptopcomputer, home entertainment equipment, RFID reader, RFID tag, et ceteracommunicates directly or indirectly with other wireless communicationdevices. For direct communications (also known as point-to-pointcommunications), the participating wireless communication devices tunetheir receivers and transmitters to the same channel or channels (e.g.,one of the plurality of radio frequency (RF) carriers of the wirelesscommunication system or a particular RF frequency for some systems) andcommunicate over that channel(s). For indirect wireless communications,each wireless communication device communicates directly with anassociated base station (e.g., for cellular services) and/or anassociated access point (e.g., for an in-home or in-building wirelessnetwork) via an assigned channel. To complete a communication connectionbetween the wireless communication devices, the associated base stationsand/or associated access points communicate with each other directly,via a system controller, via the public switch telephone network, viathe Internet, and/or via some other wide area network.

For each wireless communication device to participate in wirelesscommunications, it includes a built-in radio transceiver (i.e., receiverand transmitter) or is coupled to an associated radio transceiver (e.g.,a station for in-home and/or in-building wireless communicationnetworks, RF modem, etc.). As is known, the receiver is coupled to anantenna and includes a low noise amplifier, one or more intermediatefrequency stages, a filtering stage, and a data recovery stage. The lownoise amplifier receives inbound RF signals via the antenna andamplifies then. The one or more intermediate frequency stages mix theamplified RF signals with one or more local oscillations to convert theamplified RF signal into baseband signals or intermediate frequency (IF)signals. The filtering stage filters the baseband signals or the IFsignals to attenuate unwanted out of band signals to produce filteredsignals. The data recovery stage recovers raw data from the filteredsignals in accordance with the particular wireless communicationstandard.

As is also known, the transmitter includes a data modulation stage, oneor more intermediate frequency stages, and a power amplifier. The datamodulation stage converts raw data into baseband signals in accordancewith a particular wireless communication standard. The one or moreintermediate frequency stages mix the baseband signals with one or morelocal oscillations to produce RF signals. The power amplifier amplifiesthe RF signals prior to transmission via an antenna.

While transmitters generally include a data modulation stage, one ormore IF stages, and a power amplifier, the particular implementation ofthese elements is dependent upon the data modulation scheme of thestandard being supported by the transceiver. For example, if thebaseband modulation scheme is Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK), thedata modulation stage functions to convert digital words into quadraturemodulation symbols, which have a constant amplitude and varying phases.The IF stage includes a phase locked loop (PLL) that generates anoscillation at a desired RF frequency, which is modulated based on thevarying phases produced by the data modulation stage. The phasemodulated RF signal is then amplified by the power amplifier inaccordance with a transmit power level setting to produce a phasemodulated RF signal.

As another example, if the data modulation scheme is 8-PSK (phase shiftkeying), the data modulation stage functions to convert digital wordsinto symbols having varying amplitudes and varying phases. The IF stageincludes a phase locked loop (PLL) that generates an oscillation at adesired RF frequency, which is modulated based on the varying phasesproduced by the data modulation stage. The phase modulated RF signal isthen amplified by the power amplifier in accordance with the varyingamplitudes to produce a phase and amplitude modulated RF signal.

As the desire for wireless communication devices to support multiplestandards continues, recent trends include the desire to integrate morefunctions on to a single chip. However, such desires have goneunrealized when it comes to implementing baseband and RF on the samechip for multiple wireless communication standards.

Therefore, a need exists for an integrated circuit (IC) that implementsbaseband and RF of multiple wireless communication standards on the sameIC die.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods of operationthat are further described in the following Brief Description of theDrawings, the Detailed Description of the Invention, and the claims.Other features and advantages of the present invention will becomeapparent from the following detailed description of the invention madewith reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communicationenvironment in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of another wireless communicationenvironment in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communicationdevice in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a Voice Data RFIC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a voice RFsection in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a data RFsection in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RF sectionin accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RFsection in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an interfacemodule in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a clock sectionof an interface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a clocksection of an interface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a controlsection of an interface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of atransmit/receive section of an interface module in accordance with thepresent invention;

FIG. 32 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of aninterface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of atransmit/receive section of an interface module in accordance with thepresent invention;

FIG. 35 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a controlsection of an interface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 36 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a clocksection of an interface module in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 37 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a Voice Data RFIC coupled to an embodiment of an adjustable antenna interface inaccordance with the present invention;

FIG. 38 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC coupled to another embodiment of an adjustable antennainterface in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC coupled to another embodiment of an adjustable antennainterface in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 40 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an adjustableantenna interface in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 41 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of anadjustable antenna interface in accordance with the present invention;and

FIG. 42 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC coupled to another embodiment of an adjustable antennainterface in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communicationenvironment that includes a communication device 10 communicating withone or more of a wireline non-real-time device 12, a wireline real-timedevice 14, a wireline non-real-time and/or real-time device 16, a basestation 18, a wireless non-real-time device 20, a wireless real-timedevice 22, and a wireless non-real-time and/or real-time device 24. Thecommunication device 10, which may be a personal computer, laptopcomputer, personal entertainment device, cellular telephone, personaldigital assistant, a game console, a game controller, and/or any othertype of device that communicates real-time and/or non-real-time signals,may be coupled to one or more of the wireline non-real-time device 12,the wireline real-time device 14, and the wireline non-real-time and/orreal-time device 16 via a wireless connection 28. The wirelessconnection 28 may be an Ethernet connection, a universal serial bus(USB) connection, a parallel connection (e.g., RS232), a serialconnection, a fire-wire connection, a digital subscriber loop (DSL)connection, and/or any other type of connection for conveying data.

The communication device 10 communicates RF non-real-time data 25 and/orRF real-time data 26 with one or more of the base station 18, thewireless non-real-time device 20, the wireless real-time device 22, andthe wireless non-real-time and/or real-time device 24 via one or morechannels in a frequency band (fb_(A)) that is designated for wirelesscommunications. For example, the frequency band may be 900 MHz, 1800MHz, 1900 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, any ISM (industrial,scientific, and medical) frequency bands, and/or any other unlicensedfrequency band in the United States and/or other countries. As aparticular example, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)utilizes an uplink frequency band of 1920-1980 MHz and a downlinkfrequency band of 2110-2170 MHz. As another particular example, EDGE,GSM and GPRS utilize an uplink transmission frequency band of 890-915MHz and a downlink transmission band of 935-960 MHz. As yet anotherparticular example, IEEE 802.11(g) utilizes a frequency band of 2.4 GHzfrequency band.

The wireless real-time device 22 and the wireline real-time device 14communicate real-time data that, if interrupted, would result in anoticeable adverse affect. For example, real-time data may include, butis not limited to, voice data, audio data, and/or streaming video data.Note that each of the real-time devices 14 and 22 may be a personalcomputer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant, a cellulartelephone, a cable set-top box, a satellite set-top box, a game console,a wireless local area network (WLAN) transceiver, a Bluetoothtransceiver, a frequency modulation (FM) tuner, a broadcast televisiontuner, a digital camcorder, and/or any other device that has a wirelineand/or wireless interface for conveying real-time data with anotherdevice.

The wireless non-real-time device 20 and the wireline non-real-timedevice 12 communicate non-real-time data that, if interrupted, would notgenerally result in a noticeable adverse affect. For example,non-real-time data may include, but is not limited to, text messages,still video images, graphics, control data, emails, and/or web browsing.Note that each of the non-real-time devices 14 and 22 may be a personalcomputer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant, a cellulartelephone, a cable set-top box, a satellite set-top box, a game console,a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver, a wireless local areanetwork (WLAN) transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a frequencymodulation (FM) tuner, a broadcast television tuner, a digitalcamcorder, and/or any other device that has a wireline and/or wirelessinterface for conveying real-time data with another device.

Depending on the real-time and non-real-time devices coupled to thecommunication unit 10, the communication unit 10 may participate incellular voice communications, cellular data communications, videocapture, video playback, audio capture, audio playback, image capture,image playback, voice over internet protocol (i.e., voice over IP),sending and/or receiving emails, web browsing, playing video gameslocally, playing video games via the internet, word processinggeneration and/or editing, spreadsheet generation and/or editing,database generation and/or editing, one-to-many communications, viewingbroadcast television, receiving broadcast radio, cable broadcasts,and/or satellite broadcasts.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of another wireless communicationenvironment that includes a communication device 30 communicating withone or more of the wireline non-real-time device 12, the wirelinereal-time device 14, the wireline non-real-time and/or real-time device16, a wireless data device 32, a data base station 34, a voice basestation 36, and a wireless voice device 38. The communication device 30,which may be a personal computer, laptop computer, personalentertainment device, cellular telephone, personal digital assistant, agame console, a game controller, and/or any other type of device thatcommunicates data and/or voice signals, may be coupled to one or more ofthe wireline non-real-time device 12, the wireline real-time device 14,and the wireline non-real-time and/or real-time device 16 via thewireless connection 28.

The communication device 30 communicates RF data 40 with the data device32 and/or the data base station 34 via one or more channels in a firstfrequency band (fb₁) that is designated for wireless communications. Forexample, the first frequency band may be 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 1900 MHz,2100 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, any ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical)frequency bands, and/or any other unlicensed frequency band in theUnited States and/or other countries.

The communication device 30 communicates RF voice 42 with the voicedevice 38 and/or the voice base station 36 via one or more channels in asecond frequency band (fb₂) that is designated for wirelesscommunications. For example, the second frequency band may be 900 MHz,1800 MHz, 1900 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, any ISM (industrial,scientific, and medical) frequency bands, and/or any other unlicensedfrequency band in the United States and/or other countries. In aparticular example, the first frequency band may be 900 MHz for EDGEdata transmissions while the second frequency band may the 1900 MHz and2100 MHz for WCDMA voice transmissions.

The voice device 38 and the voice base station 36 communicate voicesignals that, if interrupted, would result in a noticeable adverseaffect (e.g., a disruption in a communication). For example, the voicesignals may include, but is not limited to, digitized voice signals,digitized audio data, and/or streaming video data. Note that the voicedevice 38 may be a personal computer, laptop computer, personal digitalassistant, a cellular telephone, a game console, a wireless local areanetwork (WLAN) transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a frequencymodulation (FM) tuner, a broadcast television tuner, a digitalcamcorder, and/or any other device that has a wireless interface forconveying voice signals with another device.

The data device 34 and the data base station 34 communicate data that,if interrupted, would not generally result in a noticeable adverseaffect. For example, the data may include, but is not limited to, textmessages, still video images, graphics, control data, emails, and/or webbrowsing. Note that the data device 32 may be a personal computer,laptop computer, personal digital assistant, a cellular telephone, acable set-top box, a satellite set-top box, a game console, a globalpositioning satellite (GPS) receiver, a wireless local area network(WLAN) transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a frequency modulation (FM)tuner, a broadcast television tuner, a digital camcorder, and/or anyother device that has a wireless interface for conveying data withanother device.

Depending on the devices coupled to the communication unit 30, thecommunication unit 30 may participate in cellular voice communications,cellular data communications, video capture, video playback, audiocapture, audio playback, image capture, image playback, voice overinternet protocol (i.e., voice over IP), sending and/or receivingemails, web browsing, playing video games locally, playing video gamesvia the internet, word processing generation and/or editing, spreadsheetgeneration and/or editing, database generation and/or editing,one-to-many communications, viewing broadcast television, receivingbroadcast radio, cable broadcasts, and/or satellite broadcasts.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a communicationdevice 10 that includes a Voice Data RF (radio frequency) IC (integratedcircuit) 50, an antenna interface 52, memory 54, a display 56, a keypadand/or key board 58, at least one microphone 60, at least one speaker62, and a wireline port 64. The memory 54 may be NAND flash, NOR flash,SDRAM, and/or SRAM for storing data and/or instructions to facilitatecommunications of real-time and non-real-time data via the wireline port64 and/or via the antenna interface 52. In addition, or in thealternative, the memory 54 may store video files, audio files, and/orimage files for subsequent wireline or wireless transmission, forsubsequent display, for file transfer, and/or for subsequent editing.Accordingly, when the communication device supports storing, displaying,transferring, and/or editing of audio, video, and/or image files, thememory 54 would further store algorithms to support such storing,displaying, and/or editing. For example, the may include, but is notlimited to, file transfer algorithm, video compression algorithm, videodecompression algorithm, audio compression algorithm, audiodecompression algorithm, image compression algorithm, and/or imagedecompression algorithm, such as MPEG (motion picture expert group)encoding, MPEG decoding, JPEG (joint picture expert group) encoding,JPEG decoding, MP3 encoding, and MP3 decoding.

For outgoing voice communications, the at least one microphone 60receives an audible voice signal, amplifies it, and provide theamplified voice signal to the Voice Data RF IC 50. The Voice Data RF IC50 processes the amplified voice signal into a digitized voice signalusing one or more audio processing schemes (e.g., pulse code modulation,audio compression, etc.). The Voice Data RF IC 50 may transmit thedigitized voice signal via the wireless port 64 to the wirelinereal-time device 14 and/or to the wireline non-real-time and/orreal-time device 16. In addition to, or in the alternative, the VoiceData RF IC 50 may transmit the digitized voice signal as RF real-timedata 26 to the wireless real-time device 22, and/or to the wirelessnon-real-time and/or real-time device 24 via the antenna interface 52.

For outgoing real-time audio and/or video communications, the Voice DataRF IC 50 retrieves an audio and/or video file from the memory 54. TheVoice Data RF IC 50 may decompress the retrieved audio and/or video fileinto digitized streaming audio and/or video. The Voice Data RF IC 50 maytransmit the digitized streaming audio and/or video via the wirelessport 64 to the wireline real-time device 14 and/or to the wirelinenon-real-time and/or real-time device 16. In addition to, or in thealternative, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may transmit the digitizedstreaming audio and/or video as RF real-time data 26 to the wirelessreal-time device 22, and/or to the wireless non-real-time and/orreal-time device 24 via the antenna interface 52. Note that the VoiceData RF IC 50 may mix a digitized voice signal with a digitizedstreaming audio and/or video to produce a mixed digitized signal thatmay be transmitted via the wireline port 64 and/or via the antennainterface 52.

In a playback mode of the communication device 10, the Voice Data RF IC50 retrieves an audio and/or video file from the memory 54. The VoiceData RF IC 50 may decompress the retrieved audio and/or video file intodigitized streaming audio and/or video. The Voice Data RF IC 50 mayconvert an audio portion of the digitized streaming audio and/or videointo analog audio signals that are provided to the at least one speaker62. In addition, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may convert a video portion ofthe digitized streaming audio and/or video into analog or digital videosignals that are provided to the display 56, which may be a liquidcrystal (LCD) display, a plasma display, a digital light project (DLP)display, and/or any other type of portable video display.

For incoming RF voice communications, the antenna interface 52 receives,via an antenna, inbound RF real-time data 26 (e.g., inbound RF voicesignals) and provides them to the Voice Data RF IC 50. The Voice Data RFIC 50 processes the inbound RF voice signals into digitized voicesignals. The Voice Data RF IC 50 may transmit the digitized voicesignals via the wireless port 64 to the wireline real-time device 14and/or to the wireline non-real-time and/or real-time device 16. Inaddition to, or in the alternative, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may convertthe digitized voice signals into an analog voice signals and provide theanalog voice signals to the speaker 62.

The Voice Data RF IC 50 may receive digitized voice-audio-&/or-videosignals from the wireline connection 28 via the wireless port 64 or mayreceive RF signals via the antenna interface 52, where the Voice Data RFIC 50 recovers the digitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals from the RFsignals. The Voice Data RF IC 50 may then compress the receiveddigitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals to producevoice-audio-&/or-video files and store the files in memory 54. In thealternative, or in addition to, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may convert thedigitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals into analogvoice-audio-&/or-video signals and provide them to the speaker 62 and/ordisplay.

For outgoing non-real-time data communications, the keypad/keyboard 58(which may be a keypad, keyboard, touch screen, voice activated datainput, and/or any other mechanism for inputted data) provides inputteddata (e.g., emails, text messages, web browsing commands, etc.) to theVoice Data RF IC 50. The Voice Data RF IC 50 converts the inputted datainto a data symbol stream using one or more data modulation schemes(e.g., QPSK, 8-PSK, etc.). The Voice Data RF IC 50 converts the datasymbol stream into RF non-real-time data signals 24 that are provided tothe antenna interface 52 for subsequent transmission via the antenna. Inaddition to, or in the alternative, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may providethe inputted data to the display 56. As another alternative, the VoiceData RF IC 50 may provide the inputted data to the wireline port 64 fortransmission to the wireline non-real-time data device 12 and/or thenon-real-time and/or real-time device 16.

For incoming non-real-time communications (e.g., text messaging, imagetransfer, emails, web browsing), the antenna interface 52 receives, viaan antenna, inbound RF non-real-time data signals 24 (e.g., inbound RFdata signals) and provides them to the Voice Data RF IC 50. The VoiceData RF IC 50 processes the inbound RF data signals into data signals.The Voice Data RF IC 50 may transmit the data signals via the wirelessport 64 to the wireline non-real-time device 12 and/or to the wirelinenon-real-time and/or real-time device 16. In addition to, or in thealternative, the Voice Data RF IC 50 may convert the data signals intoanalog data signals and provide the analog data signals to an analoginput of the display 56 or the Voice Data RF IC 50 may provide the datasignals to a digital input of the display 56.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device 30 10 that includes a Voice Data RF (radiofrequency) IC (integrated circuit) 70, a first antenna interface 72, asecond antenna interface 74, memory 54, the display 56, the keypadand/or key board 58, the at least one microphone 60, the at least onespeaker 62, and the wireline port 64. The memory 54 may be NAND flash,NOR flash, SDRAM, and/or SRAM for storing data and/or instructions tofacilitate communications of real-time and non-real-time data via thewireline port 64 and/or via the antenna interfaces 72 and/or 74. Inaddition, or in the alternative, the memory 54 may store video files,audio files, and/or image files for subsequent wireline or wirelesstransmission, for subsequent display, for file transfer, and/or forsubsequent editing. Accordingly, when the communication device 30supports storing, displaying, transferring, and/or editing of audio,video, and/or image files, the memory 54 would further store algorithmsto support such storing, displaying, and/or editing. For example, themay include, but is not limited to, file transfer algorithm, videocompression algorithm, video decompression algorithm, audio compressionalgorithm, audio decompression algorithm, image compression algorithm,and/or image decompression algorithm, such as MPEG (motion pictureexpert group) encoding, MPEG decoding, JPEG (joint picture expert group)encoding, JPEG decoding, MP3 encoding, and MP3 decoding.

For outgoing voice communications, the at least one microphone 60receives an audible voice signal, amplifies it, and provide theamplified voice signal to the Voice Data RF IC 70. The Voice Data RF IC70 processes the amplified voice signal into a digitized voice signalusing one or more audio processing schemes (e.g., pulse code modulation,audio compression, etc.). The Voice Data RF IC 70 may transmit thedigitized voice signal via the wireless port 64 to the wirelinereal-time device 14 and/or to the wireline non-real-time and/orreal-time device 16. In addition to, or in the alternative, the VoiceData RF IC 70 may transmit the digitized voice signal as RF real-timedata 26 to the wireless real-time device 22, and/or to the wirelessnon-real-time and/or real-time device 24 via the antenna interface 72using a first frequency band (fb₁).

For outgoing real-time audio and/or video communications, the Voice DataRF IC 70 retrieves an audio and/or video file from the memory 54. TheVoice Data RF IC 70 may decompress the retrieved audio and/or video fileinto digitized streaming audio and/or video. The Voice Data RF IC 70 maytransmit the digitized streaming audio and/or video via the wirelessport 64 to the wireline real-time device 14 and/or to the wirelinenon-real-time and/or real-time device 16. In addition to, or in thealternative, the Voice Data RF IC 70 may transmit the digitizedstreaming audio and/or video as RF real-time data 26 to the wirelessreal-time device 22, and/or to the wireless non-real-time and/orreal-time device 24 via the antenna interface 72 using the firstfrequency band (fb₁). Note that the Voice Data RF IC 70 may mix adigitized voice signal with a digitized streaming audio and/or video toproduce a mixed digitized signal that-may be transmitted via thewireline port 64 and/or via the antenna interface 72.

In a playback mode of the communication device 10, the Voice Data RF IC70 retrieves an audio and/or video file from the memory 54. The VoiceData RF IC 70 may decompress the retrieved audio and/or video file intodigitized streaming audio and/or video. The Voice Data RF IC 70 mayconvert an audio portion of the digitized streaming audio and/or videointo analog audio signals that are provided to the at least one speaker62. In addition, the Voice Data RF IC 70 may convert a video portion ofthe digitized streaming audio and/or video into analog or digital videosignals that are provided to the display 56, which may be a liquidcrystal (LCD) display, a plasma display, a digital light project (DLP)display, and/or any other type of portable video display.

For incoming RF voice communications, the antenna interface 72 receives,via an antenna within the first frequency band, inbound RF real-timedata 26 (e.g., inbound RF voice signals) and provides them to the VoiceData RF IC 70. The Voice Data RF IC 70 processes the inbound RF voicesignals into digitized voice signals. The Voice Data RF IC 70 maytransmit the digitized voice signals via the wireless port 64 to thewireline real-time device 14 and/or to the wireline non-real-time and/orreal-time device 16. In addition to, or in the alternative, the VoiceData RF IC 70 may convert the digitized voice signals into an analogvoice signals and provide the analog voice signals to the speaker 62.

The Voice Data RF IC 70 may receive digitized voice-audio-&/or-videosignals from the wireline connection 28 via the wireless port 64 or mayreceive RF signals via the antenna interface 72, where the Voice Data RFIC 70 recovers the digitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals from the RFsignals. The Voice Data RF IC 70 may then compress the receiveddigitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals to producevoice-audio-&/or-video files and store the files in memory 54. In thealternative, or in addition to, the Voice Data RF IC 70 may convert thedigitized voice-audio-&/or-video signals into analogvoice-audio-&/or-video signals and provide them to the speaker 62 and/ordisplay.

For outgoing non-real-time data communications, the keypad/keyboard 58provides inputted data (e.g., emails, text messages, web browsingcommands, etc.) to the Voice Data RF IC 70. The Voice Data RF IC 70converts the inputted data into a data symbol stream using one or moredata modulation schemes (e.g., QPSK, 8-PSK, etc.). The Voice Data RF IC70 converts the data symbol stream into RF non-real-time data signals 24that are provided to the antenna interface 74 for subsequenttransmission via an antenna in a second frequency band (fb₂). Inaddition to, or in the alternative, the Voice Data RF IC 70 may providethe inputted data to the display 56. As another alternative, the VoiceData RF IC 70 may provide the inputted data to the wireline port 64 fortransmission to the wireline non-real-time data device 12 and/or thenon-real-time and/or real-time device 16.

For incoming non-real-time communications (e.g., text messaging, imagetransfer, emails, web browsing), the antenna interface 74 receives, viaan antenna within the second frequency band, inbound RF non-real-timedata signals 24 (e.g., inbound RF data signals) and provides them to theVoice Data RF IC 70. The Voice Data RF IC 70 processes the inbound RFdata signals into data signals. The Voice Data RF IC 70 may transmit thedata signals via the wireless port 64 to the wireline non-real-timedevice 12 and/or to the wireline non-real-time and/or real-time device16. In addition to, or in the alternative, the Voice Data RF IC 70 mayconvert the data signals into analog data signals and provide the analogdata signals to an analog input of the display 56 or the Voice Data RFIC 70 may provide the data signals to a digital input of the display 56.

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device 10 that includes the Voice Data RF IC 50, theantenna interface 52, the memory 54, the keypad/keyboard 58, the atleast one speaker 62, the at least one microphone 60, and the display56. The Voice Data RF IC 50 includes a baseband processing module 80, aradio frequency (RF) section 82, an interface module 84, an audio codec86, a keypad interface 88, a memory interface 90, a display interface92, and an advanced high-performance (AHB) bus matrix 94. The basebandprocessing module 80 may be a single processing device or a plurality ofprocessing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor,micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, centralprocessing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logicdevice, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digitalcircuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/ordigital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operationalinstructions. The processing module 80 may have an associated memoryand/or memory element, which may be a single memory device, a pluralityof memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of the processing module80. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random accessmemory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamicmemory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that storesdigital information. Note that when the processing module 80 implementsone or more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry,digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memoryelement storing the corresponding operational instructions may beembedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the statemachine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.Further note that, the memory element stores, and the processing module80 executes, hard coded and/or operational instructions corresponding toat least some of the steps and/or functions illustrated in FIGS. 5-42.

The baseband processing module 80 converts an outbound voice signal 96into an outbound voice symbol stream 98 in accordance with one or moreexisting wireless communication standards, new wireless communicationstandards, modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., GSM,AMPS, digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). The baseband processing module 80 mayperform one or more of scrambling, encoding, constellation mapping,modulation, frequency spreading, frequency hopping, beamforming,space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-block encoding, and/ordigital baseband to IF conversion to convert the outbound voice signal96 into the outbound voice symbol stream 98. Depending on the desiredformatting of the outbound voice symbol stream 98, the basebandprocessing module 80 may generate the outbound voice symbol stream 98 asCartesian coordinates (e.g., having an in-phase signal component and aquadrature signal component to represent a symbol), as Polar coordinates(e.g., having a phase component and an amplitude component to representa symbol), or as hybrid coordinates as disclosed in co-pending patentapplication entitled HYBRID RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSMITTER, having a filingdate of Mar. 24, 2006, and an application Ser. No. 11/388,822, andco-pending patent application entitled PROGRAMMABLE HYBRID TRANSMITTER,having a filing date of Jul. 26, 2006, and an application Ser. No.11/494,682.

The interface module 84 conveys the outbound voice symbol stream 98 tothe RF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a voice mode. Thevoice mode may be activated by the user of the communication device 10by initiating a cellular telephone call, by receiving a cellulartelephone call, by initiating a walkie-talkie type call, by receiving awalkie-talkie type call, by initiating a voice record function, and/orby another voice activation selection mechanism.

The RF section 82 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 98 into anoutbound RF voice signal 114 in accordance with the one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., GSM, AMPS,digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). In one embodiment, the RF section 82 receivesthe outbound voice symbol stream 98 as Cartesian coordinates. In thisembodiment, the RF section 82 mixes the in-phase components of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 with an in-phase local oscillation toproduce a first mixed signal and mixes the quadrature components of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce a second mixed signal. The RFsection 82 combines the first and second mixed signals to produce anup-converted voice signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies theup-converted voice signal to produce the outbound RF voice signal 114,which it provides to the antenna interface 52. Note that further poweramplification may occur between the output of the RF section 82 and theinput of the antenna interface 52.

In other embodiments, the RF section 82 receives the outbound voicesymbol stream 98 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 82 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce the outbound RF voice signal114. Alternatively, the RF section 82 may amplify the phase modulated RFsignal in accordance with a power level setting to produce the outboundRF voice signal 114.

For incoming voice signals, the RF section 82 receives an inbound RFvoice signal 112 via the antenna interface 52. The RF section 82converts the inbound RF voice signal 112 into an inbound voice symbolstream 100. In one embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Cartesiancoordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 112 to produce the inboundvoice symbol stream 100. In another embodiment, the RF section 82extracts Polar coordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 112 toproduce the inbound voice symbol stream 100. In yet another embodiment,the RF section 82 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RF voicesignal 112 to produce the inbound voice symbol stream 100. The interfacemodule 84 provides the inbound voice symbol stream 100 to the basebandprocessing module 80 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in the voice mode.

The baseband processing module 80 converts the inbound voice symbolstream 100 into an inbound voice signal 102. The baseband processingmodule 80 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding,constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding,frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-blockdecoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital basebandconversion to convert the inbound voice symbol stream 100 into theinbound voice signal 102, which is placed on the AHB bus matrix 94.

In one embodiment, the outbound voice signal 96 is received from theaudio codec section 86 via the AHB bus 94. The audio codec section 86 iscoupled to the at least one microphone 60 to receive an analog voiceinput signal therefrom. The audio codec section 86 converts the analogvoice input signal into a digitized voice signal that is provided to thebaseband processing module 80 as the outbound voice signal 96. The audiocodec section 86 may perform an analog to digital conversion to producethe digitized voice signal from the analog voice input signal, mayperform pulse code modulation (PCM) to produce the digitized voicesignal, and/or may compress a digital representation of the analog voiceinput signal to produce the digitized voice signal.

The audio codec section 86 is also coupled to the at least one speaker62. In one embodiment the audio codec section 86 processes the inboundvoice signal 102 to produce an analog inbound voice signal that issubsequently provided to the at least one speaker 62. The audio codecsection 86 may process the inbound voice signal 102 by performing adigital to analog conversion, by PCM decoding, and/or by decompressingthe inbound voice signal 102.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the baseband processing module 80receives outbound data 108 from the keypad interface 88 and/or thememory interface 90. The baseband processing module 80 converts outbounddata 108 into an outbound data symbol stream 110 in accordance with oneor more existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.). The baseband processing module 80 mayperform one or more of scrambling, encoding, constellation mapping,modulation, frequency spreading, frequency hopping, beamforming,space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-block encoding, and/ordigital baseband to IF conversion to convert the outbound data 108 intothe outbound data symbol stream 110. Depending on the desired formattingof the outbound data symbol stream 110, the baseband processing module80 may generate the outbound data symbol stream 110 as Cartesiancoordinates (e.g., having an in-phase signal component and a quadraturesignal component to represent a symbol), as Polar coordinates (e.g.,having a phase component and an amplitude component to represent asymbol), or as hybrid coordinates as disclosed in co-pending patentapplication entitled HYBRID RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSMITTER, having a filingdate of Mar. 24, 2006, and an application Ser. No. 11/388,822, andco-pending patent application entitled PROGRAMMABLE HYBRID TRANSMITTER,having a filing date of Jul. 26, 2006, and an application Ser. No.11/494,682. In addition to, or in the alternative of, the outbound data108 may be provided to the display interface 92 such that the outbounddata 108, or a representation thereof, may be displayed on the display56.

The interface module 84 conveys the outbound data symbol stream 110 tothe RF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a data mode. Thedata mode may be activated by the user of the communication device 10 byinitiating a text message, by receiving a text message, by initiating aweb browser function, by receiving a web browser response, by initiatinga data file transfer, and/or by another data activation selectionmechanism.

The RF section 82 converts the outbound data symbol stream 110 into anoutbound RF data signal 118 in accordance with the one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS,etc.). In one embodiment, the RF section 82 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 110 as Cartesian coordinates. In this embodiment, the RFsection 82 mixes the in-phase components of the outbound data symbolstream 110 with an in-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixedsignal and mixes the quadrature components of the outbound data symbolstream 110 to produce a second mixed signal. The RF section 82 combinesthe first and second mixed signals to produce an up-converted datasignal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the up-converted data signal toproduce the outbound RF data signal 118, which it provides to theantenna interface 52. Note that further power amplification may occurbetween the output of the RF section 82 and the input of the antennainterface 52.

In other embodiments, the RF section 82 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 110 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 82 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound data symbol stream 110 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound data symbol stream 110 to produce the outbound RF data signal118. Alternatively, the RF section 82 may amplify the phase modulated RFsignal in accordance with a power level setting to produce the outboundRF data signal 118.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 82 receives an inboundRF data signal 116 via the antenna interface 52. The RF section 82converts the inbound RF data signal 116 into an inbound data symbolstream 104. In one embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Cartesiancoordinates from the inbound RF data signal 116 to produce the inbounddata symbol stream 104. In another embodiment, the RF section 82extracts Polar coordinates from the inbound RF data signal 116 toproduce the inbound data symbol stream 104. In yet another embodiment,the RF section 82 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RF datasignal 116 to produce the inbound data symbol stream 104. The interfacemodule 84 provides the inbound data symbol stream 104 to the basebandprocessing module 80 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in the data mode.

The baseband processing module 80 converts the inbound data symbolstream 104 into inbound data 106. The baseband processing module 80 mayperform one or more of descrambling, decoding, constellation demapping,modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hopping decoding,beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-blockdecoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversion to convert theinbound data symbol stream 104 into the inbound data 106, which isplaced on the AHB bus matrix 94.

In one embodiment, the display interface 92 retrieves the inbound data106 from the AHB bus matrix 94 and provides it, or a representationthereof, to the display 56. In another embodiment, the memory interface90 retrieves the inbound data 106 from the AHG bus matrix 94 andprovides it to the memory 54 for storage therein.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device 10 that includes the Voice Data RF IC 50, theantenna interface 52, the memory 54, the keypad/keyboard 58, the atleast one speaker 62, the at least one microphone 60, the display 56,and at least one of: a SIM (Security Identification Module) card 122, apower management (PM) IC 126, a second display 130, a SD (SecureDigital) card or MMC (Multi Media Card) 134, a coprocessor IC 138, aWLAN transceiver 142, a Bluetooth (BT) transceiver 144, an FM tuner 148,a GPS receiver 154, an image sensor 158 (e.g., a digital camera), avideo sensor 162 (e.g., a camcorder), and a TV tuner 166. The Voice DataRF IC 50 includes the baseband processing module 80, the RF section 82,the interface module 84, the audio codec 86, the keypad interface 88,the memory interface 90, the display interface 92, the advancedhigh-performance (AHB) bus matrix 94, a processing module 125, and oneor more of: a universal subscriber identity module (USIM) interface 120,power management (PM) interface 124, a second display interface 126, asecure digital input/output (SDIO) interface 132, a coprocessorinterface 136, a WLAN interface 140, a Bluetooth interface 146, an FMinterface 150, a GPS interface 152, a camera interface 156, a camcorderinterface 160, a TV interface 164, and a Universal Serial Bus (USB)interface 165. While not shown in the present figure, the Voice Data RFIC 50 may further included one or more of a Universal AsynchronousReceiver-Transmitter (UART) interface coupled to the AHB bus matrix 94,a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) interface coupled to the AHB busmatrix 94, an 12S interface coupled to the AHB bus matrix 94, and apulse code modulation (PCM) interface coupled to the AHB bus matrix 94.

The processing module 125 may be a single processing device or aplurality of processing devices. Such a processing device may be amicroprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor,microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array,programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analogcircuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals(analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/oroperational instructions. The processing module 125 may have anassociated memory and/or memory element, which may be a single memorydevice, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of theprocessing module 125. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory,random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, staticmemory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any devicethat stores digital information. Note that when the processing module125 implements one or more of its functions via a state machine, analogcircuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/ormemory element storing the corresponding operational instructions may beembedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising the statemachine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.Further note that, the memory element stores, and the processing module125 executes, hard coded and/or operational instructions correspondingto at least some of the steps and/or functions illustrated in FIGS.5-42.

In this embodiment, the Voice Data RF IC 50 includes one or more of aplurality of interfaces that enable the communication device 10 toinclude one or more of a plurality of additional circuits. For example,the communication device 10 may be a cellular telephone that providesvoice, data, and at least one other service via the Voice Data RF IC 50,which, in this instance, is a cellular telephone IC. An example ofanother service includes WLAN access via a WLAN transceiver to supportvoice over IP communications, internet access, etc. Another serviceexample includes Bluetooth access via a Bluetooth transceiver to supporta Bluetooth wireless headset, file transfers, and other piconetservices.

For wireline connectivity to another device, the Voice Data RF IC 50 mayinclude a USB interface 165, an SPI interface, and 12S interface, and/oranother other type of wired interface. In this instance, file transfersare easily supported by the wireline connectivity and can be managed bythe processing module 125. Further, video games may be downloaded to thecommunication device 10 via the wireline connectivity and subsequentlyplayed as administered by the processing module 125. Alternatively, thewireline connectivity provides coupling to a game console such that thecommunication device 10 acts as the display and/or controller of thevideo game.

With the various interface options of the Voice Data RF IC 50, thecommunication device 10 may function as a personal entertainment deviceto playback audio files, video files, image files, to record images, torecord video, to record audio, to watch television, to track location,to listen to broadcast FM radio, etc. Such personal entertainmentfunctions would be administered primarily by the processing module 125.

With the inclusion of one or more display interfaces 92 and 128, thecommunication device may include multiple displays 56 and 130. Thedisplays 56 and 130 may be a liquid crystal (LCD) display, a plasmadisplay, a digital light project (DLP) display, and/or any other type ofportable video display. Note that the display interfaces 92 and 128 maybe an LCD interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI),and/or other type of interface for supporting the particular display 56or 130.

The Voice Data RF IC 50 includes security interface options to protectthe data stored in the communication device and/or to insure use of thecommunication device is by an authorized user. For example, the VoiceData RF IC 50 may include the USIM interface 120 and/or the SDIOinterface 132 for interfacing with a SIM card, a Secure Data card and/ora multi media card.

Of the various interfaces that may be included on the Voice Data RF IC50, I2S is an industry standard 3-wire interface for streaming stereoaudio between devices and the PCM interface is a serial interface usedto transfer speech data. Of the external components of the communicationdevice 10 with respect to the IC 50, a Secure Digital (SD) is a flashmemory (non-volatile) memory card format used in portable devices,including digital cameras and handheld computers. SD cards are based onthe older Multi-Media-Card (MMC) format, but most are physicallyslightly thicker than MMC cards. A (SIM) card that stores usersubscriber information, authentication information and provides storagespace for text messages and USIM stores a long-term preshared secret keyK, which is shared with the Authentication Center (AuC) in the network.The USIM also verifies a sequence number that must be within a rangeusing a window mechanism to avoid replay attacks, and is in charge ofgenerating the session keys CK and IK to be used in the confidentialityand integrity algorithms of the KASUMI block cipher in UMTS.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a Voice Data RFIC 50 that includes a digital signal processor (DSP) 174, the interfacemodule 84, and the RF section 82. The DSP 174 may be programmed toinclude a voice baseband processing module 170 and a data basebandprocessing module 172.

The voice baseband processing module 170 converts an outbound voicesignal 96 into an outbound voice symbol stream 98 in accordance with oneor more existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., GSM, AMPS, digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). The voice basebandprocessing module 170 may perform one or more of scrambling, encoding,constellation mapping, modulation, frequency spreading, frequencyhopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-blockencoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion to convert theoutbound voice signal 96 into the outbound voice symbol stream 98.Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound voice symbol stream98, the voice baseband processing module 170 may generate the outboundvoice symbol stream 98 as Cartesian coordinates (e.g., having anin-phase signal component and a quadrature signal component to representa symbol), as Polar or hybrid coordinates (e.g., having a phasecomponent and an amplitude component to represent a symbol). Theinterface module 84 conveys the outbound voice symbol stream 98 to theRF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a voice mode.

The RF section 82 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 98 into anoutbound RF voice signal 114 in accordance with the one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., GSM, AMPS,digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). In one embodiment, the RF section 82 receivesthe outbound voice symbol stream 98 as Cartesian coordinates. In thisembodiment, the RF section 82 mixes the in-phase components of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 with an in-phase local oscillation toproduce a first mixed signal and mixes the quadrature components of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce a second mixed signal. The RFsection 82 combines the first and second mixed signals to produce anup-converted voice signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies theup-converted voice signal to produce the outbound RF voice signal 114,which it provides to the antenna interface 52. Note that further poweramplification may occur between the output of the RF section 82 and theinput of the antenna interface 52.

In other embodiments, the RF section 82 receives the outbound voicesymbol stream 98 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 82 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound voice symbol stream 98 to produce the outbound RF voice signal114. Alternatively, the RF section 82 may amplify the phase modulated RFsignal in accordance with a power level setting to produce the outboundRF voice signal 114.

For incoming voice signals, the RF section 82 converts the inbound RFvoice signal 112 into an inbound voice symbol stream 100. In oneembodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Cartesian coordinates from theinbound RF voice signal 112 to produce the inbound voice symbol stream100. In another embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Polar coordinatesfrom the inbound RF voice signal 112 to produce the inbound voice symbolstream 100. In yet another embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts hybridcoordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 112 to produce the inboundvoice symbol stream 100. The interface module 84 provides the inboundvoice symbol stream 100 to the voice baseband processing module 170 whenthe Voice Data RF IC 50 is in the voice mode.

The voice baseband processing module 170 converts the inbound voicesymbol stream 100 into an inbound voice signal 102. The voice basebandprocessing module 170 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding,constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding,frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-blockdecoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital basebandconversion to convert the inbound voice symbol stream 100 into theinbound voice signal 102.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the data baseband processingmodule 172 converts outbound data 108 into an outbound data symbolstream 110 in accordance with one or more existing wirelesscommunication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS,etc.). The data baseband processing module 172 may perform one or moreof scrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound data 108 into the outbound data symbol stream110. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound data symbolstream 110, the data baseband processing module 172 may generate theoutbound data symbol stream 110 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polarcoordinates, or as hybrid coordinates.

The interface module 84 conveys the outbound data symbol stream 110 tothe RF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a data mode. Thedata mode may be activated by the user of the communication device 10 byinitiating a text message, by receiving a text message, by initiating aweb browser function, by receiving a web browser response, by initiatinga data file transfer, and/or by another data activation selectionmechanism.

The RF section 82 converts the outbound data symbol stream 110 into anoutbound RF data signal 118 in accordance with the one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS,etc.). In one embodiment, the RF section 82 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 110 as Cartesian coordinates. In this embodiment, the RFsection 82 mixes the in-phase components of the outbound data symbolstream 110 with an in-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixedsignal and mixes the quadrature components of the outbound data symbolstream 110 to produce a second mixed signal. The RF section 82 combinesthe first and second mixed signals to produce an up-converted datasignal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the up-converted data signal toproduce the outbound RF data signal 118, which it provides to theantenna interface 52. Note that further power amplification may occurbetween the output of the RF section 82 and the input of the antennainterface 52.

In other embodiments, the RF section 82 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 110 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 82 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound data symbol stream 110 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 82 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound data symbol stream 110 to produce the outbound RF data signal118. Alternatively, the RF section 82 may amplify the phase modulated RFsignal in accordance with a power level setting to produce the outboundRF data signal 118.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 82 converts the inboundRF data signal 116 into an inbound data symbol stream 104. In oneembodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Cartesian coordinates from theinbound RF data signal 116 to produce the inbound data symbol stream104. In another embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts Polar coordinatesfrom the inbound RF data signal 116 to produce the inbound data symbolstream 104. In yet another embodiment, the RF section 82 extracts hybridcoordinates from the inbound RF data signal 116 to produce the inbounddata symbol stream 104. The interface module 84 provides the inbounddata symbol stream 104 to the data baseband processing module 172 whenthe Voice Data RF IC 50 is in the data mode.

The data baseband processing module 172 converts the inbound data symbolstream 104 into inbound data 106. The data baseband processing module172 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding, constellationdemapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hoppingdecoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding,space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversionto convert the inbound data symbol stream 104 into the inbound data 106.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82, the interface module 84,the voice baseband processing module 170, the data baseband processingmodule 172, a data input interface 182, a display interface 184, and anaudio codec section 180. In this embodiment, the RF section 82, theinterface module 84, the voice baseband processing module 170, the databaseband processing module 172 function as previously described withreference to FIG. 7.

In this embodiment, the data input interface 182 receives the outbounddata 108 for a component of the communication device 10. For example,the data input interface 182 may be a keypad interface, a keyboardinterface, a touch screen interface, a serial interface (e.g., USB,etc.), a parallel interface, and/or any other type of interface forreceiving data. The display interface 184 is coupled to provide theinbound data 106 to one or more displays. The display interface 184 maybe a liquid crystal (LCD) display interface, a plasma display interface,a digital light project (DLP) display interface, a mobile industryprocessor interface (MIPI), and/or any other type of portable videodisplay interface.

The audio codec 180 is coupled to provide the outbound voice signal 96to the voice baseband processing module 170 and to receive the inboundvoice signal 102 from the voice baseband processing module 170. In oneembodiment, the audio codec section 180 receives an analog voice inputsignal from a microphone. The audio codec section 180 converts theanalog voice input signal into a digitized voice signal that is providedto the voice baseband processing module 170 as the outbound voice signal96. The audio codec section 180 may perform an analog to digitalconversion to produce the digitized voice signal from the analog voiceinput signal, may perform pulse code modulation (PCM) to produce thedigitized voice signal, and/or may compress a digital representation ofthe analog voice input signal to produce the digitized voice signal.

The audio codec section 180 processes the inbound voice signal 102 toproduce an analog inbound voice signal that may be provided to aspeaker. The audio codec section 86 may process the inbound voice signal102 by performing a digital to analog conversion, by PCM decoding,and/or by decompressing the inbound voice signal 102.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82, the interface module 84,the voice baseband processing module 170, the data baseband processingmodule 172, the AHB bus matrix 94, a microprocessor core 190, a memoryinterface 90, and one or more of a plurality of interface modules. Theplurality of interface modules includes a mobile industry processorinterface (MIPI) interface 192, a universal serial bus (USB) interface194, a secure digital input/output (SDIO) interface 132, an 12Sinterface 196, a Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART)interface 198, a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) interface 200, apower management (PM) interface 124, a universal subscriber identitymodule (USIM) interface 120, a camera interface 156, a pulse codemodulation (PCM) interface 202, and a video codec 204.

The video codec 204 performs coding and decoding of video signals, whereencoded video signals may be stored in memory coupled to the memoryinterface 90. Such coding and decoding may be in accordance with variousvideo processing standards such as MPEG (Motion Picture Expert Group),JPEG (Joint Picture Expert Group), etc.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82, the interface module 84,a digital signal processor (DSP) 210, a data input interface 182, adisplay interface 184, a microprocessor core 190, and a memory interface90.

The DSP 210 converts an outbound voice signal 96 into an outbound voicesymbol stream 98 in accordance with one or more existing wirelesscommunication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., GSM, AMPS,digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). The DSP 210 may perform one or more ofscrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound voice signal 96 into the outbound voice symbolstream 98. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound voicesymbol stream 98, the DSP may generate the outbound voice symbol stream98 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates.

The interface module 84 conveys the outbound voice symbol stream 98 tothe RF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a voice mode. TheRF section 82 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 98 into anoutbound RF voice signal 114 as previously discussed with reference toFIG. 7.

For incoming voice signals, the RF section 82 converts the inbound RFvoice signal 112 into an inbound voice symbol stream 100 as previouslydiscussed with reference to FIG. 7. The interface module 84 provides theinbound voice symbol stream 100 to the DSP 210 when the Voice Data RF IC50 is in the voice mode.

The DSP 210 converts the inbound voice symbol stream 100 into an inboundvoice signal 102. The DSP 210 may perform one or more of descrambling,decoding, constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreadingdecoding, frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding,space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF todigital baseband conversion to convert the inbound voice symbol stream100 into the inbound voice signal 102.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the DSP 210 converts outbound data108 into an outbound data symbol stream 110 in accordance with one ormore existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.). The DSP 210 may perform one or more ofscrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound data 108 into the outbound data symbol stream110. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound data symbolstream 110, the DSP 210 may generate the outbound data symbol stream 110as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates.

The interface module 84 conveys the outbound data symbol stream 110 tothe RF section 82 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a data mode. The RFsection 82 converts the outbound data symbol stream 110 into an outboundRF data signal 118 as previously described with reference to FIG. 7.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 82 converts the inboundRF data signal 116 into an inbound data symbol stream 104 as previouslydiscussed with reference to FIG. 7. The interface module 84 provides theinbound data symbol stream 104 to the DSP 210 when the Voice Data RF IC50 is in the data mode.

The DSP 210 converts the inbound data symbol stream 104 into inbounddata 106. The DSP 210 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding,constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding,frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-blockdecoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital basebandconversion to convert the inbound data symbol stream 104 into theinbound data 106.

In this embodiment, the microprocessor core 190 may retrieve from memoryvia memory interface 90 and/or may generate the outbound data 108 and/orthe outbound voice signal 96. Note that, in this embodiment, theoutbound voice signal 96 may be a voice signal of a cellular telephonecall, an audio signal (e.g., music, a voice recording, etc.) a videosignal (e.g., a movie, TV show, etc), and/or an image signal (e.g., apicture).

In addition, the microprocessor core 190 may store the inbound voicesignal 102 and/or the inbound data 106 in the memory via the memoryinterface 90. Note that, in this embodiment, the inbound voice signal102 may be a voice signal of a cellular telephone call, an audio signal(e.g., music, a voice recording, etc.) a video signal (e.g., a movie, TVshow, etc), and/or an image signal (e.g., a picture).

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82, the interface module 84,the DSP 210, the AHB bus matrix 94, the microprocessor core 190, thememory interface 90, the data interface 182, the display interface 184,the video codec 204, the mobile industry processor interface (MIPI)interface 192, an arbitration module 212, a direct memory access (DMA)215, a demultiplexer 218, a security engine 224, a security boot ROM226, an LCD interface 222, a camera interface 156, a 2^(nd) AHB bus 220,a real time clock (RTC) module 225, a general purpose input/output(GPIO) interface 228, a Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter(UART) interface 198, a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) interface 200,and an 12S interface 196. The arbitration module 212 is coupled to theSDIO interface 132, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 194, and agraphics engine 216.

In this embodiment, the arbitration module 212 arbitrates access to theAHB bus matrix 94 between the SDIO interface 132, a universal serial bus(USB) interface 194, and a graphics engine 216. The graphics engine 216is operable to generate two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional graphicimages for display and/or for transmission as outbound data. Inaddition, the graphics engine 216 may process inbound data to producetwo-dimensional and/or three-dimensional graphic images for displayand/or storage.

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82 and a digital signalprocessor (DSP) 210. The DSP 210 converts an outbound voice signal 96into an outbound voice symbol stream 98 in accordance with one or moreexisting wireless communication standards, new wireless communicationstandards, modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., GSM,AMPS, digital AMPS, CDMA, etc.). The DSP 210 may perform one or more ofscrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound voice signal 96 into the outbound voice symbolstream 98. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound voicesymbol stream 98, the DSP may generate the outbound voice symbol stream98 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates. The RF section 82 converts the outbound voice symbol stream98 into an outbound RF voice signal 114 as previously discussed withreference to FIG. 7.

For incoming voice signals, the RF section 82 converts the inbound RFvoice signal 112 into an inbound voice symbol stream 100 as previouslydiscussed with reference to FIG. 7. The DSP 210 converts the inboundvoice symbol stream 100 into an inbound voice signal 102. The DSP 210may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding, constellationdemapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hoppingdecoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding,space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversionto convert the inbound voice symbol stream 100 into the inbound voicesignal 102.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the DSP 210 converts outbound data108 into an outbound data symbol stream 110 in accordance with one ormore existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.). The DSP 210 may perform one or more ofscrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound data 108 into the outbound data symbol stream110. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound data symbolstream 110, the DSP 210 may generate the outbound data symbol stream 110as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 82 converts the inboundRF data signal 116 into an inbound data symbol stream 104 as previouslydiscussed with reference to FIG. 7. The DSP 210 converts the inbounddata symbol stream 104 into inbound data 106. The DSP 210 may performone or more of descrambling, decoding, constellation demapping,modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hopping decoding,beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-blockdecoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversion to convert theinbound data symbol stream 104 into the inbound data 106.

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50 that includes the RF section 82, the interface module 84,the data input interface 182, the display interface 184, and the DSP210. In an embodiment, the data input interface 182 receives theoutbound data 108 for a component of the communication device 10. Forexample, the data input interface 182 may be a keypad interface, akeyboard interface, a touch screen interface, a serial interface (e.g.,USB, etc.), a parallel interface, and/or any other type of interface forreceiving data. The display interface 184 is coupled to provide theinbound data 106 to one or more displays. The display interface 184 maybe a liquid crystal (LCD) display interface, a plasma display interface,a digital light project (DLP) display interface, a mobile industryprocessor interface (MIPI), and/or any other type of portable videodisplay interface.

The DSP 210 converts the outbound data 108 into the outbound data symbolstream 110 and converts the inbound data symbol stream 104 into theinbound data 106 as previously discussed with reference to FIG. 12. Theinterface module 84 conveys the outbound data symbol stream 110 to theRF section 82 and conveys the inbound data symbol stream from the RFsection 82 to the DSP 210 when the Voice Data RF IC 50 is in a datamode. The data mode may be activated by the user of the communicationdevice 10 by initiating a text message, by receiving a text message, byinitiating a web browser function, by receiving a web browser response,by initiating a data file transfer, and/or by another data activationselection mechanism. The RF section 82 converts the outbound data symbolstream 110 into the outbound RF data signal 118 and converts the inboundRF data signal 116 into the inbound data symbols stream 104 aspreviously discussed with reference to FIG. 7.

The DSP 210 also converts the outbound voice signal 96 into the outboundvoice symbol stream 98 and converts the inbound voice symbol stream 100into the inbound voice signal 102 as previously discussed with referenceto FIG. 12. The interface module 84 conveys the outbound voice symbolstream 98 to the RF section 82 and conveys the inbound voice symbolstream 100 from the RF section 82 to the DSP 210 when the Voice Data RFIC 50 is in a voice mode. The voice mode may be activated by the user ofthe communication device 10 by initiating a cellular telephone call, byreceiving a cellular telephone call, by initiating a walkie-talkie typecall, by receiving a walkie-talkie type call, by initiating a voicerecord function, and/or by another voice activation selection mechanism.The RF section 82 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 98 into theoutbound RF voice signal 114 and converts the inbound RF voice signal112 into the inbound voice symbols stream 100 as previously discussedwith reference to FIG. 7.

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 that includes a digital signal processor (DSP) 266, aninterface module 234, a data RF section 236, and a voice RF section 238.The DSP 266 may be programmed to include a voice baseband processingmodule 232 and a data baseband processing module 230.

The voice baseband processing module 230 converts an outbound voicesignal 252 into an outbound voice symbol stream 254 in accordance withone or more existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., WCDMA, etc.) corresponding to a second frequency band(fb₂). The voice baseband processing module 230 may perform one or moreof scrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound voice signal 252 into the outbound voice symbolstream 254. Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound voicesymbol stream 254, the voice baseband processing module 230 may generatethe outbound voice symbol stream 254 as Cartesian coordinates (e.g.,having an in-phase signal component and a quadrature signal component torepresent a symbol), as Polar or hybrid coordinates (e.g., having aphase component and an amplitude component to represent a symbol).

The interface module 234 conveys the outbound voice symbol stream 254 tothe voice RF section 238 when the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in a voicemode. The voice mode may be activated by the user of the communicationdevice 30 by initiating a cellular telephone call, by receiving acellular telephone call, by initiating a walkie-talkie type call, byreceiving a walkie-talkie type call, by initiating a voice recordfunction, and/or by another voice activation selection mechanism.

The voice RF section 238 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 254into an outbound RF voice signal 256 in accordance with the one or moreexisting wireless communication standards, new wireless communicationstandards, modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g.,WCDMA, etc.), where the outbound RF voice signal 256 has a carrierfrequency in the second frequency band (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz). In oneembodiment, the voice RF section 238 receives the outbound voice symbolstream 254 as Cartesian coordinates. In this embodiment, the voice RFsection 238 mixes the in-phase components of the outbound voice symbolstream 254 with an in-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixedsignal and mixes the quadrature components of the outbound voice symbolstream 254 to produce a second mixed signal. The voice RF section 238combines the first and second mixed signals to produce an up-convertedvoice signal. The voice RF section 238 then amplifies the up-convertedvoice signal to produce the outbound RF voice signal 256. Note thatfurther power amplification may occur after the output of the voice RFsection 238.

In other embodiments, the voice RF section 238 receives the outboundvoice symbol stream 254 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In theseembodiments, the voice RF section 254 modulates a local oscillator basedon phase information of the outbound voice symbol stream 254 to producea phase modulated RF signal. The voice RF section 238 then amplifies thephase modulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information ofthe outbound voice symbol stream 254 to produce the outbound RF voicesignal 256. Alternatively, the voice RF section 238 may amplify thephase modulated RF signal in accordance with a power level setting toproduce the outbound RF voice signal 256.

For incoming voice signals, the voice RF section 238 converts theinbound RF voice signal 258, which has a carrier frequency in the secondfrequency band (e.g., 2110-2170 MHz) into an inbound voice symbol stream260. In one embodiment, the voice RF section 238 extracts Cartesiancoordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 258 to produce the inboundvoice symbol stream 260. In another embodiment, the voice RF section 238extracts Polar coordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 258 toproduce the inbound voice symbol stream 260. In yet another embodiment,the voice RF section 238 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RFvoice signal 258 to produce the inbound voice symbol stream 260. Theinterface module 234 provides the inbound voice symbol stream 260 to thevoice baseband processing module 230 when the Voice Data RF IC 70 is inthe voice mode.

The voice baseband processing module 230 converts the inbound voicesymbol stream 260 into an inbound voice signal 264. The voice basebandprocessing module 230 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding,constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding,frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-blockdecoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital basebandconversion to convert the inbound voice symbol stream 260 into theinbound voice signal 264.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the data baseband processingmodule 232 converts outbound data 240 into an outbound data symbolstream 242 in accordance with one or more existing wirelesscommunication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS,etc.) corresponding to a first frequency band (fb₁). The data basebandprocessing module 232 may perform one or more of scrambling, encoding,constellation mapping, modulation, frequency spreading, frequencyhopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-blockencoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion to convert theoutbound data 240 into the outbound data symbol stream 242. Depending onthe desired formatting of the outbound data symbol stream 242, the databaseband processing module 232 may generate the outbound data symbolstream 242 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates.

The interface module 234 conveys the outbound data symbol stream 242 tothe data RF section 236 when the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in a data mode.The data mode may be activated by the user of the communication device30 by initiating a text message, by receiving a text message, byinitiating a web browser function, by receiving a web browser response,by initiating a data file transfer, and/or by another data activationselection mechanism.

The data RF section 236 converts the outbound data symbol stream 242into an outbound RF data signal 244 having a carrier frequency in thefirst frequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) in accordance with the one ormore existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.). In one embodiment, the data RF section236 receives the outbound data symbol stream 242 as Cartesiancoordinates. In this embodiment, the data RF section 236 mixes thein-phase components of the outbound data symbol stream 242 with anin-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixed signal and mixes thequadrature components of the outbound data symbol stream 242 to producea second mixed signal. The data RF section 236 combines the first andsecond mixed signals to produce an up-converted data signal. The data RFsection 236 then amplifies the up-converted data signal to produce theoutbound RF data signal 244. Note that further power amplification mayoccur after the output of the data RF section 236.

In other embodiments, the data RF section 236 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 242 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the data RF section 236 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound data symbol stream 242 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The data RF section 236 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound data symbol stream 242 to produce the outbound RF data signal244. Alternatively, the data RF section 236 may amplify the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with a power level setting to producethe outbound RF data signal 244.

For incoming data communications, the data RF section 236 converts theinbound RF data signal 246, which has a carrier frequency in the firstfrequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) into an inbound data symbol stream248. In one embodiment, the data RF section 236 extracts Cartesiancoordinates from the inbound RF data signal 246 to produce the inbounddata symbol stream 248. In another embodiment, the data RF section 236extracts Polar coordinates from the inbound RF data signal 246 toproduce the inbound data symbol stream 248. In yet another embodiment,the data RF section 236 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RFdata signal 246 to produce the inbound data symbol stream 248. Theinterface module 234 provides the inbound data symbol stream 248 to thedata baseband processing module 232 when the Voice Data RF IC 70 is inthe data mode.

The data baseband processing module 232 converts the inbound data symbolstream 248 into inbound data 250. The data baseband processing module232 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding, constellationdemapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hoppingdecoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding,space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversionto convert the inbound data symbol stream 248 into the inbound data 250.

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 that includes the DSP 266, the interface module 234, thedata RF section 236, the voice RF section 238, the data input interface182, the display interface 184, and the audio codec 180. In thisembodiment, the DSP 266, the interface module 234, the data RF section236, and the voice RF section 238 function as previously described withreference to FIG. 14. The data input interface 182 functions aspreviously described to provide the outbound data 240 to the databaseband processing module 232. The display interface 184 functions aspreviously described to provide the inbound data 250 for display. Theaudio codec 180 functions as previously described to provide theoutbound voice signal 252 to the voice baseband processing module 230and to receive the inbound voice signal 264 from the voice basebandprocessing module 230.

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 includes the data RF section 236, the voice RF section238, the interface module 234, the voice baseband processing module 230,the data baseband processing module 232, the AHB bus matrix 94, themicroprocessor core 190, the memory interface 90, and one or more of aplurality of interface modules. The plurality of interface modulesincludes the mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) interface 192,the universal serial bus (USB) interface 194, the secure digitalinput/output (SDIO) interface 132, the 12S interface 196, the UniversalAsynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) interface 198, the SerialPeripheral Interface (SPI) interface 200, the power management (PM)interface 124, the universal subscriber identity module (USIM) interface120, the camera interface 156, the pulse code modulation (PCM) interface202, the video codec 204, the second display interface 126, thecoprocessor interface 136, the WLAN interface 140, the Bluetoothinterface 146, the FM interface 150, the GPS interface 152, thecamcorder interface 160, and the TV interface 164.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a voice RFsection 238 that includes a receiver section 270 and a transmittersection 272. The receiver section is coupled to convert the inbound RFvoice signal 258 into the inbound symbol stream 260.

The transmitter section 272 includes a conversion module 274, amodulation parameter module 276, 1^(st) up-conversion module 278, a2^(nd) up-conversion module 280, a combining module 282, and a poweramplifier circuit 284. The power amplifier circuit 284 may include oneor more power amplifier drivers coupled in series and/or in paralleland/or one or more power amplifiers coupled in series and/or inparallel.

In operation, the conversion module 274 and the modulation parametermodule 276 receive the outbound voice symbol stream 254, where eachsymbol is expressed as a hybrid coordinate having an in-phase componentand a quadrature component. The conversion module 274 converts thein-phase component and the quadrature component of a symbol into anormalized I symbol 286 and a normalized Q symbol 288. This may be doneby setting the amplitude of the in-phase component and the quadraturecomponent of the symbol to the same value. For example, the in-phasecomponent is A₁ sin(ω_(d)(t)) and the quadrature component is A_(Q)cos(ω_(d)(t)), where A₁ and A_(Q) are the amplitudes of the in-phase andquadrature components, respectively. By setting the amplitudes A₁ andA_(Q) to the same value (e.g., 1 or A₀), then the normalized I symbol286 would be sin(ω_(d)(t)) and the normalized Q symbol 288 would becos(ω_(d)(t)).

The modulation parameter module 276 generates offset information 290 andtransmit property information 292 from the outbound voice symbol stream254. In one embodiment, the offset information 290 corresponds to phaseinformation of the symbol (e.g., Φ(t)), which may be calculated astan−1(A_(Q)/A₁). Alternatively, the offset information 290 maycorrespond to frequency information of the symbol.

The modulation parameter module 276 generates the transmit propertyinformation 292 as a power level setting or as amplitude modulationinformation. For example, if the data modulation scheme uses phasemodulation (e.g., QPSK, GMSK) or frequency modulation (e.g., frequencyshift keying) without amplitude modulation, then the transmit propertyinformation 292 would correspond to the power level setting. In thealternative to the modulation parameter module 276 generating the powerlevel setting, the voice baseband processing module 230 may generate it.

If the data modulation scheme using both phase and amplitude modulation(e.g., 8-PSK, QAM) or both frequency and amplitude modulation, then themodulation parameter module 276 would generate the amplitudeinformation. In one embodiment, the amplitude information (e.g., A(t))is generated as the square root of (A₁ ²+A_(Q) ²).

The 1^(st) up-conversion module 278 combines the normalized I symbol 286with the offset information 290 to produce an offset normalized I symbol286 (e.g., sin(ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)). This signal is mixed with an in-phaselocal oscillation that has a frequency corresponding to the secondfrequency band (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz) to produce a 1^(st) up-convertedsignal 296 (e.g., 1/2 cos(ω_(RF)(t)−ω_(d)(t)−Φ(t))−1/2cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))). The 2^(nd) up-conversion module 280combines the normalized Q symbol 288 with the offset information 290 toproduce an offset normalized Q symbol 288 (e.g., cos(ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)).This signal is mixed with a quadrature local oscillation that has afrequency corresponding to the second frequency band and filtered toproduce the 2^(nd) up-converted signal 298 (e.g., 1/2cos(ω_(RF)(t)−ω_(d)(t)−Φ(t))+1/2 cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))). Thecombining module 282 combines the first and second up-converted signals296 and 298 to produce an RF signal 300 (e.g.,cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))).

The power amplifier circuit 284 amplifies the RF signal 300 inaccordance with the transmit property information 292. In oneembodiment, the transmit property information 292 is a power levelsetting (e.g., A_(p)) such that the outbound RF voice signal 256 may beexpressed as A_(p)*cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)). In another embodiment,the transmit property information 292 is the amplitude information(e.g., A(t)) such that the outbound RF voice signal 256 may be expressedas A(t)*cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)).

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a data RFsection 236 that includes a receiver section 310 and a transmittersection 312. The receiver section 310 is coupled to convert the inboundRF data signal 246 into the inbound symbol stream 248.

The transmitter section 312 includes a conversion module 314, amodulation parameter module 316, 1^(st) up-conversion module 318, a2^(nd) up-conversion module 320, a combining module 322, and a poweramplifier circuit 324. The power amplifier circuit 324 may include oneor more power amplifier drivers coupled in series and/or in paralleland/or one or more power amplifiers coupled in series and/or inparallel.

In operation, the conversion module 314 and the modulation parametermodule 316 receive the outbound data symbol stream 242, where eachsymbol is expressed as a hybrid coordinate having an in-phase componentand a quadrature component. The conversion module 314 converts thein-phase component and the quadrature component of a symbol into anormalized I symbol 326 and a normalized Q symbol 328. This may be doneby setting the amplitude of the in-phase component and the quadraturecomponent of the symbol to the same value. For example, the in-phasecomponent is A₁ sin(ω_(d)(t)) and the quadrature component is A_(Q)cos(ω_(d)(t)), where A₁ and A_(Q) are the amplitudes of the in-phase andquadrature components, respectively. By setting the amplitudes A₁ andA_(Q) to the same value (e.g., 1 or A₀), then the normalized I symbol326 would be sin(ω_(d)(t)) and the normalized Q symbol 328 would becos(ω_(d)(t)).

The modulation parameter module 316 generates offset information 330 andtransmit property information 332 from the outbound data symbol stream242. In one embodiment, the offset information 330 corresponds to phaseinformation of the symbol (e.g., Φ(t)), which may be calculated astan−1(A_(Q)/A₁). Alternatively, the offset information 330 maycorrespond to frequency information of the symbol.

The modulation parameter module 316 generates the transmit propertyinformation 332 as a power level setting or as amplitude modulationinformation. For example, if the data modulation scheme uses phasemodulation (e.g., QPSK, GMSK) or frequency modulation (e.g., frequencyshift keying) without amplitude modulation, then the transmit propertyinformation 332 would correspond to the power level setting. As analternative, the data baseband processing module 232 may generate thepower level setting.

If the data modulation scheme using both phase and amplitude modulation(e.g., 8-PSK, QAM) or both frequency and amplitude modulation, then themodulation parameter module 316 would generate the amplitudeinformation. In one embodiment, the amplitude information (e.g., A(t))is generated as the square root of (A₁ ²+A_(Q) ²).

The 1^(st) up-conversion module 318 combines the normalized I symbol 326with the offset information 330 to produce an offset normalized I symbol(e.g., sin(ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)) 326. This signal is mixed with an in-phaselocal oscillation 294 that has a frequency corresponding to the firstfrequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) to produce a 1^(st) up-convertedsignal 336 (e.g., 1/2 cos(ω_(RF)(t)−ω_(d)(t)−Φ(t))−1/2cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))). The 2^(nd) up-conversion module 320combines the normalized Q symbol 328 with the offset information 330 toproduce an offset normalized Q symbol (e.g., cos(ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)). Thissignal is mixed with a quadrature local oscillation 294 that has afrequency corresponding to the first frequency band and filtered toproduce the 2^(nd) up-converted signal 338 (e.g., 1/2cos(ω_(RF)(t)−ω_(d)(t)−Φ(t))+1/2 cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))). Thecombining module 322 combines the first and second up-converted signals336 and 338 to produce an RF signal 340 (e.g.,cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t))).

The power amplifier circuit 324 amplifies the RF signal 340 inaccordance with the transmit property information 332. In oneembodiment, the transmit property information 332 is a power levelsetting (e.g., A_(p)) such that the outbound RF data signal 244 may beexpressed as A_(p)*cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)). In another embodiment,the transmit property information 332 is the amplitude information(e.g., A(t)) such that the outbound RF data signal 244 may be expressedas A(t)*cos(ω_(RF)(t)+ω_(d)(t)+Φ(t)).

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 that includes the voice baseband processing module 230,the data baseband processing module 232, the interface module 234, thedata RF section 236, and the voice RF section 238. The interface module234 includes a receive/transmit module 350, a control section 352, and aclock section 354.

In an embodiment, the receive/transmit section 350 provides a basebandto RF communication path. When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is a voicereceive mode, the receive/transmit section 350 provides the inboundvoice symbol stream 260 from the voice RF section 238 to the voicebaseband processing module 230. When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is a voicetransmit mode, the receive/transmit section 350 provides the outboundvoice symbol stream 254 from the voice baseband processing module 230 tothe voice RF section 238. When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is a data receivemode, the receive/transmit section 350 provides the inbound data symbolstream 248 from the data RF section 236 to the data baseband processingmodule 232. When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is a data transmit mode, thereceive/transmit section 350 provides the outbound data symbol stream242 from the data baseband processing module 232 to the data RF section236.

The receive/transmit section 350 also provides the inbound voice symbolstream 258 from the voice RF section 238 to a first IC pin 362 when theVoice Data RF IC 70 is in an auxiliary voice receive mode. When theVoice Data RF IC 70 is in an auxiliary voice transmit mode, thereceive/transmit section 350 provides an auxiliary outbound voice symbolstream from the first IC pin 362 to the voice RF section 238. When theVoice Data RF IC 70 is in an auxiliary data receive mode, thereceive/transmit section 350 provides the inbound data symbol stream 246from the data RF section 236 to a second IC pin 364. When the Voice DataRF IC 70 is in an auxiliary data transmit mode, the receive/transmitsection 350 provides auxiliary outbound data symbol stream from thesecond IC pin 34 to the data RF section 236.

When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in one of the above mentioned auxiliarymodes, each of the baseband modules 230 and 232 and the RF sections 236and 238 may be individually tested. Alternatively, an off-chip basebandmodule may be used to produce the outbound voice or data symbol stream242 or 254 that are subsequently processed by the data or voice RFsection 236 or 238. As another alternative, the voice and/or databaseband processing modules 230 and/or 232 may provide the outboundvoice and/or data symbol stream 242 or 254 to an off-chip RF section forconversion to RF signals.

The control section 352 provides a voice control communication path 356for conveying voice control signals between the voice basebandprocessing module 230 and the voice RF section 238. The voice controlsignal includes a read bit, address bits and voice control bits of thephysical content of a control telegram. The voice baseband processingmodule 230 outputs the read bit and the address bits. The voice basebandprocessing module 230 may output the voice control bits for a writeoperation and the voice RF section 238 may be output the voice controlbits for a read operation. Note that the read bit is set to 1 for a readoperation and to 0 for a write operation. Further note that the voicecontrol bits are for a voice communication correspond to at least someof the control data of a control telegram as described in the “DigRFBASEBAND/RF DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATION”, Logical, Electrical andTiming Characteristics, EGPRS Version, Digital Interface Working Group,Version 1.12 or subsequent versions thereof.

The control section 352 also provides a data control communication path358 for conveying data control signals between the data basebandprocessing module 232 and the data RF section 236. The data controlsignal includes a read bit, address bits and data control bits of thephysical content of a control telegram. The data baseband processingmodule 232 outputs the read bit and the address bits. The data basebandprocessing module 232 may output the data control bits for a writeoperation and the data RF section 236 may be output the data controlbits for a read operation. Note that the read bit is set to 1 for a readoperation and to 0 for a write operation. Further note that the datacontrol bits are for a data communication correspond to at least some ofthe control data of a control telegram as described in the “DigRFBASEBAND/RF DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATION”, Logical, Electrical andTiming Characteristics, EGPRS Version, Digital Interface Working Group,Version 1.12 or subsequent versions thereof.

The clock section 354 provides a voice clock communication path 359 forconveying voice clock information (e.g., clock enable, clock signal, andstrobe) between the voice baseband processing module 230 and the voiceRF section 238. The clock section 354 also provides a data clockcommunication path 360 for conveying data clock information (e.g., clockenable, clock signal, and strobe) between the data baseband processingmodule and the data RF section.

FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 that includes a baseband processing module 370, aninterface module 374, and an RF section 372. The Voice Data RF IC 70 maybe is in a voice mode or a data mode. The voice mode may be activated bythe user of the communication device 30 by initiating a cellulartelephone call, by receiving a cellular telephone call, by initiating awalkie-talkie type call, by receiving a walkie-talkie type call, byinitiating a voice record function, and/or by another voice activationselection mechanism. The data mode may be activated by the user of thecommunication device 30 by initiating a text message, by receiving atext message, by initiating a web browser function, by receiving a webbrowser response, by initiating a data file transfer, and/or by anotherdata activation selection mechanism.

When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in the voice mode, the basebandprocessing module 370 converts an outbound voice signal 252 into anoutbound voice symbol stream 254 in accordance with one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., WCDMA, etc.)corresponding to a second frequency band (fb₂). The baseband processingmodule 370 may perform one or more of scrambling, encoding,constellation mapping, modulation, frequency spreading, frequencyhopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-blockencoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion to convert theoutbound voice signal 252 into the outbound voice symbol stream 254.Depending on the desired formatting of the outbound voice symbol stream254, the baseband processing module 370 may generate the outbound voicesymbol stream 254 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or ashybrid coordinates. The interface module 374 conveys the outbound voicesymbol stream 254 to the RF section 372 when the Voice Data RF IC 70 isin a voice mode.

The RF section 372 converts the outbound voice symbol stream 254 into anoutbound RF voice signal 256 in accordance with the one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., WCDMA, etc.),where the outbound RF voice signal 256 has a carrier frequency in thesecond frequency band (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz). In one embodiment, the RFsection 372 receives the outbound voice symbol stream 254 as Cartesiancoordinates. In this embodiment, the RF section 372 mixes the in-phasecomponents of the outbound voice symbol stream 254 with an in-phaselocal oscillation to produce a first mixed signal and mixes thequadrature components of the outbound voice symbol stream 254 to producea second mixed signal. The RF section 372 combines the first and secondmixed signals to produce an up-converted voice signal. The RF section372 then amplifies the up-converted voice signal to produce the outboundRF voice signal 256. Note that further power amplification may occurafter the output of the RF section 372.

In other embodiments, the RF section 372 receives the outbound voicesymbol stream 254 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 372 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound voice symbol stream 254 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 372 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound voice symbol stream 254 to produce the outbound RF voice signal256. Alternatively, the RF section 372 may amplify the phase modulatedRF signal in accordance with a power level setting to produce theoutbound RF voice signal 256.

For incoming voice signals, the RF section 372 converts the inbound RFvoice signal 258, which has a carrier frequency in the second frequencyband (e.g., 2110-2170 MHz) into an inbound voice symbol stream 260. Inone embodiment, the RF section 372 extracts Cartesian coordinates fromthe inbound RF voice signal 258 to produce the inbound voice symbolstream 260. In another embodiment, the RF section 372 extracts Polarcoordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 258 to produce the inboundvoice symbol stream 260. In yet another embodiment, the RF section 372extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RF voice signal 258 toproduce the inbound voice symbol stream 260. The interface module 374provides the inbound voice symbol stream 260 to the baseband processingmodule 370.

The baseband processing module 370 converts the inbound voice symbolstream 260 into an inbound voice signal 264. The baseband processingmodule 370 may perform one or more of descrambling, decoding,constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreading decoding,frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding, space-time-blockdecoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF to digital basebandconversion to convert the inbound voice symbol stream 260 into theinbound voice signal 264.

When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in the data mode (e.g., transceivingemail, text message, web browsing, and/or non-real-time data), thebaseband processing module 370 converts outbound data 240 into anoutbound data symbol stream 242 in accordance with one or more existingwireless communication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS,etc.) corresponding to a first frequency band (fb₁). The basebandprocessing module 370 may perform one or more of scrambling, encoding,constellation mapping, modulation, frequency spreading, frequencyhopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-blockencoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion to convert theoutbound data 240 into the outbound data symbol stream 242. Depending onthe desired formatting of the outbound data symbol stream 242, thebaseband processing module 370 may generate the outbound data symbolstream 242 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates. The interface module 374 conveys the outbound data symbolstream 242 to the data RF section 236.

The RF section 372 converts the outbound data symbol stream 242 into anoutbound RF data signal 244 having a carrier frequency in the firstfrequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) in accordance with the one or moreexisting wireless communication standards, new wireless communicationstandards, modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., EDGE,GPRS, etc.). In one embodiment, the data RF section 236 receives theoutbound data symbol stream 242 as Cartesian coordinates. In thisembodiment, the RF section 372 mixes the in-phase components of theoutbound data symbol stream 242 with an in-phase local oscillation toproduce a first mixed signal and mixes the quadrature components of theoutbound data symbol stream 242 to produce a second mixed signal. The RFsection 372 combines the first and second mixed signals to produce anup-converted data signal. The RF section 372 then amplifies theup-converted data signal to produce the outbound RF data signal 244.Note that further power amplification may occur after the output of theRF section 372.

In other embodiments, the RF section 372 receives the outbound datasymbol stream 242 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 372 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound data symbol stream 242 to produce a phasemodulated RF signal. The RF section 372 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound data symbol stream 242 to produce the outbound RF data signal244. Alternatively, the RF section 372 may amplify the phase modulatedRF signal in accordance with a power level setting to produce theoutbound RF data signal 244.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 372 converts theinbound RF data signal 246, which has a carrier frequency in the firstfrequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) into an inbound data symbol stream248. In one embodiment, the RF section 372 extracts Cartesiancoordinates from the inbound RF data signal 246 to produce the inbounddata symbol stream 248. In another embodiment, the RF section 372extracts Polar coordinates from the inbound RF data signal 246 toproduce the inbound data symbol stream 248. In yet another embodiment,the RF section 372 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RF datasignal 246 to produce the inbound data symbol stream 248. The interfacemodule 374 provides the inbound data symbol stream 248 to the basebandprocessing module 370.

The baseband processing module 370 converts the inbound data symbolstream 248 into inbound data 250. The baseband processing module 370 mayperform one or more of descrambling, decoding, constellation demapping,modulation, frequency spreading decoding, frequency hopping decoding,beamforming decoding, space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-blockdecoding, and/or IF to digital baseband conversion to convert theinbound data symbol stream 248 into the inbound data 250.

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 50 that includes the baseband processing module 370, theRF section 372, the interface module 374, a data input interface 182, adisplay interface 184, and an audio codec section 180. In thisembodiment, the RF section 372, the interface module 374and the basebandprocessing module 370 function as previously described with reference toFIG. 20.

In this embodiment, the data input interface 182 receives the outbounddata 240 for a component of the communication device 30. For example,the data input interface 182 may be a keypad interface, a keyboardinterface, a touch screen interface, a serial interface (e.g., USB,etc.), a parallel interface, and/or any other type of interface forreceiving data. The display interface 184 is coupled to provide theinbound data 250 to one or more displays. The display interface 184 maybe a liquid crystal (LCD) display interface, a plasma display interface,a digital light project (DLP) display interface, a mobile industryprocessor interface (MIPI), and/or any other type of portable videodisplay interface.

The audio codec 180 is coupled to provide the outbound voice signal 252to the baseband processing module 370 and to receive the inbound voicesignal 264 from the baseband processing module 370. In one embodiment,the audio codec section 180 receives an analog voice input signal from amicrophone. The audio codec section 180 converts the analog voice inputsignal into a digitized voice signal that is provided to the voicebaseband processing module 170 as the outbound voice signal 252. Theaudio codec section 180 may perform an analog to digital conversion toproduce the digitized voice signal from the analog voice input signal,may perform pulse code modulation (PCM) to produce the digitized voicesignal, and/or may compress a digital representation of the analog voiceinput signal to produce the digitized voice signal.

The audio codec section 180 processes the inbound voice signal 264 toproduce an analog inbound voice signal that may be provided to aspeaker. The audio codec section 86 may process the inbound voice signal264 by performing a digital to analog conversion, by PCM decoding,and/or by decompressing the inbound voice signal 264.

FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 70 includes the RF section 372, the interface module 234, thebaseband processing module 370, the AHB bus matrix 94, themicroprocessor core 190, the memory interface 90, and one or more of aplurality of interface modules. The plurality of interface modulesincludes the mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) interface 192,the universal serial bus (USB) interface 194, the secure digitalinput/output (SDIO) interface 132, the 12S interface 196, the UniversalAsynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) interface 198, the SerialPeripheral Interface (SPI) interface 200, the power management (PM)interface 124, the universal subscriber identity module (USIM) interface120, the camera interface 156, the pulse code modulation (PCM) interface202, the video codec 204, the second display interface 126, thecoprocessor interface 136, the WLAN interface 140, the Bluetoothinterface 146, the FM interface 150, the GPS interface 152, thecamcorder interface 160, and the TV interface 164.

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an RF section372 that includes an adjustable receiver section 380 and an adjustabletransmitter section 382. The adjustable receiver section 380 and theadjustable transmitter section 382 may be implemented in a variety ofways. For example, FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate two embodiments of anadjustable transmitter section 382.

As another example, the adjustable receiver section 380 is tuned inaccordance with a frequency band of the inbound RF voice signal 258(e.g., 2110-2170 MHz of the second frequency band) for converting theinbound RF voice signal 258 into the inbound voice symbol stream 260.The tuning of the adjustable receiver section 380 includes setting thelocal oscillation to correspond to the carrier frequency of the inboundRF voice signal 258, tuning the low noise amplifier to the secondfrequency band, tuning a band pass filter to the second frequency band,and/or adjusting mixers of a down conversion module based on the secondfrequency band.

In this example, the adjustable receiver section 380 may also be tunedin accordance with a frequency band of the inbound RF data signal 246(e.g., 935-960 MHz of the first frequency band) for converting theinbound RF data signal 246 into the inbound data symbol stream 248. Thetuning of the adjustable receiver section 380 includes setting the localoscillation to correspond to the carrier frequency of the inbound RFdata signal 246, tuning the low noise amplifier to the first frequencyband, tuning a band pass filter to the first frequency band, and/oradjusting mixers of a down conversion module based on the firstfrequency band.

As a continuation of the above example, the adjustable transmittersection 382 is tuned in accordance with a frequency band of the outboundRF voice signal 256 (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz of the second frequency band)for converting the outbound voice symbol stream 254 into the outbound RFvoice signal 256. The tuning of the adjustable transmitter section 382includes setting the local oscillation to correspond to the carrierfrequency of the outbound RF voice signal 256, tuning the poweramplifier to the second frequency band, tuning a band pass filter to thesecond frequency band, and/or adjusting mixers of an up conversionmodule based on the second frequency band.

In this example, the adjustable transmitter section 382 is tuned inaccordance with a frequency band of the outbound RF data signal 244(e.g., 890-915 MHz of the first frequency band) for converting theoutbound data symbol stream 242 into the outbound RF data signal 244.The tuning of the adjustable transmitter section 382 includes settingthe local oscillation to correspond to the carrier frequency of theoutbound RF data signal 244, tuning the power amplifier to the firstfrequency band, tuning a band pass filter to the first frequency band,and/or adjusting mixers of an up conversion module based on the firstfrequency band.

FIG. 24 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an RFsection 372 that includes a 1^(st) transmitter section 390, a 2^(nd)transmitter section 392, multiplexers, a 1^(st) adder, and a 2^(n)dadder. The 1^(dt) transmitter section 390 includes a pair ofmultiplexers and a pair of mixers. The 2^(nd) transmitter section 392includes a pair of mixers.

When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in the data mode, the multiplexers ofthe 1^(st) transmitter section 390 provide the in-phase (I) component ofthe outbound data symbol stream 242 to a 1^(st) mixer and provide thequadrature (Q) component of the outbound data symbol stream 242 to a2^(nd) mixer. The 1^(st) mixer mixes the I component of the data symbolstream 242 with an I component of a data local oscillation (LO) 396 toproduce a first mixed signal. The ₂nd mixer mixes the Q component of thedata symbol stream 242 with a Q component of the data LO 396 to producea second mixed signal. The data LO 396 has a frequency corresponding tothe desired carrier frequency of the outbound RF data signal 244 (e.g.,890-915 MHz of the first frequency band).

The multiplexer between the 1^(st) and 2_(nd) transmitter sections 390and 392 provide the 1^(st) and 2^(nd) mixed signals to the first adder.The first adder sums the 1^(st) and 2^(nd) mixed signals to the producethe outbound RF data signal 244.

When the Voice Data RF IC 70 is in the voice mode, the multiplexers ofthe 1^(st) transmitter section 390 provide the in-phase (I) component ofthe outbound voice symbol stream 254 to a 1^(st) mixer and provide thequadrature (Q) component of the outbound voice symbol stream 254 to a2^(nd) mixer. The 1^(st) mixer mixes the I component of the voice symbolstream 242 with the I component of the data LO 396 to produce a 1^(st)mixed signal. The 2^(nd) mixer mixes the Q component of the voice symbolstream 254 with a Q component of the data LO 396 to produce a 2^(nd)mixed signal. The data LO 396 has a frequency corresponding to thedesired carrier frequency of the outbound RF data signal 244 (e.g.,890-915 MHz of the first frequency band).

The multiplexer between the 1^(st) and 2^(nd) transmitter sections 390and 392 provide the 1^(st) and 2^(nd) mixed signals to the 2^(nd)transmitter section 392. The 1^(st) mixer mixes the 1^(st) mixed signalwith an in-phase (I) component of a voice/data local oscillation (V-DLO) 400 to produce a 3^(rd) mixed signal. The 2^(nd) mixer mixes the ₂ndmixed signal with a quadrature (Q) component of the V-D LO 400 toproduce a 4^(th) mixed signal. The V-D LO 400 has a frequencycorresponding to the desired carrier frequency of the outbound RF voicesignal 256 (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz of the second frequency band) minus thecarrier frequency of the RF data signal 244 (e.g., 890-915 MHz of thefirst frequency band). For example, the V-D LO 400 may have a frequencyin the range of 1010-1065 MHz.

The 2^(nd) adder sums the 3^(rd) and 4^(th) mixed signals to the producethe outbound RF voice signal 256.

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device 10 that includes a real-time/non-real-time RF IC410 and a processing core IC 412. The processing core IC 410 may includeone or more processing modules. Such a processing module may be a singleprocessing device or a plurality of processing devices. Such aprocessing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digitalsignal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, fieldprogrammable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logiccircuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device thatmanipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of thecircuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module mayhave an associated memory and/or memory element, which may be a singlememory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitryof the processing module. Such a memory device may be a read-onlymemory, random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory,static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or anydevice that stores digital information. Note that when the processingmodule implements one or more of its functions via a state machine,analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memoryand/or memory element storing the corresponding operational instructionsmay be embedded within, or external to, the circuitry comprising thestate machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logiccircuitry.

The real-time/non-real-time RF IC 410 includes a 1^(st) basebandprocessing module 414, a 2^(nd) baseband processing module 415, an RFsection 416, a bus structure 422, a wireline interface 420, and a hostinterface 418. The first and second baseband processing modules 414 and415 may be separate processing modules or contained in a sharedprocessing module. Such a processing module may be a single processingdevice or a plurality of processing devices. Such a processing devicemay be a microprocessor, micro-controller, digital signal processor,microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array,programmable logic device, state machine, logic circuitry, analogcircuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals(analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/oroperational instructions. The processing module may have an associatedmemory and/or memory element, which may be a single memory device, aplurality of memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of the processingmodule. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random accessmemory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamicmemory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that storesdigital information. Note that when the processing module implements oneor more of its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digitalcircuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memory elementstoring the corresponding operational instructions may be embeddedwithin, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine,analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.

When the IC 410 is in a real-time mode, the 1^(st) baseband processingmodule 414 receives an outbound real-time signal 436 from the wirelineconnection 28 the wireline interface 420 and/or from the processing coreIC via the host interface 418. The 1^(st) baseband processing module 414converts the outbound real-time signal 436 (e.g., voice signal, videosignal, multimedia signal, etc.) into an outbound real-time symbolstream 438 in accordance with one or more existing wirelesscommunication standards, new wireless communication standards,modifications thereof, and/or extensions thereof (e.g., WCDMA, etc.)corresponding to a first (fb₁) or a second frequency band (fb₂). The1^(st) baseband processing module 414 may perform one or more ofscrambling, encoding, constellation mapping, modulation, frequencyspreading, frequency hopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding,space-frequency-block encoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversionto convert the outbound real-time signal 436 into the outbound real-timesymbol stream 438. Depending on the desired formatting of the outboundreal-time symbol stream 438, the 1^(st) baseband processing module 414may generate the outbound real-time symbol stream 438 as Cartesiancoordinates, as Polar coordinates, or hybrid coordinates.

The RF section 416 converts the outbound real-time symbol stream 438into an outbound RF real-time signal 440 in accordance with the one ormore existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., WCDMA, etc.), where the outbound RF voice signal 256 hasa carrier frequency in the first frequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) orthe second frequency band (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz). In one embodiment, theRF section 416 receives the outbound real-time symbol stream 438 asCartesian coordinates. In this embodiment, the RF section 416 mixes thein-phase components of the outbound real-time symbol stream 438 with anin-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixed signal and mixes thequadrature components of the outbound real-time symbol stream 438 toproduce a second mixed signal. The RF section 416 combines the first andsecond mixed signals to produce an up-converted voice signal. The RFsection 416 then amplifies the up-converted voice signal to produce theoutbound RF real-time signal 440. Note that further power amplificationmay occur after the output of the RF section 416.

In other embodiments, the RF section 416 receives the outbound real-timesymbol stream 438 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. In these embodiments,the RF section 416 modulates a local oscillator based on phaseinformation of the outbound real-time symbol stream 438 to produce aphase modulated RF signal. The RF section 416 then amplifies the phasemodulated RF signal in accordance with amplitude information of theoutbound real-time symbol stream 438 to produce the outbound RFreal-time signal 440. Alternatively, the RF section 416 may amplify thephase modulated RF signal in accordance with a power level setting toproduce the outbound RF real-time signal 440.

For incoming voice real-time, the RF section 416 converts the inbound RFreal-time signal 442, which has a carrier frequency in the firstfrequency band (e.g., 935-960 MHz) or the second frequency band (e.g.,2110-2170 MHz) into an inbound real-time symbol stream 444. In oneembodiment, the RF section 416 extracts Cartesian coordinates from theinbound RF real-time signal 442 to produce the inbound real-time symbolstream 444. In another embodiment, the RF section 416 extracts Polarcoordinates from the inbound RF real-time signal 442 to produce theinbound real-time symbol stream 442. In yet another embodiment, the RFsection 416 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RF real-timesignal 442 to produce the inbound real-time symbol stream 444.

The 1^(st) baseband processing module 414 converts the inbound real-timesymbol stream 444 into an inbound real-time signal 446. The 1^(st)baseband processing module 414 may perform one or more of descrambling,decoding, constellation demapping, modulation, frequency spreadingdecoding, frequency hopping decoding, beamforming decoding,space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-block decoding, and/or IF todigital baseband conversion to convert the inbound real-time symbolstream 444 into the inbound real-time signal 446. The 1^(st) basebandprocessing module 414 may provide the inbound real-time signal 446 towireline interface 420 (e.g., USB, SPI, I2S, etc.) and/or the hostinterface 418 via the bus structure 422.

For an outgoing data communication (e.g., email, text message, webbrowsing, and/or non-real-time data), the 2^(nd) baseband processingmodule 415 receives outbound non-real-time data 424 from the wirelineinterface 420 and/or the host interface 418. The 2^(nd) basebandprocessing module 415 converts outbound non-real-time data 424 into anoutbound non-real-time data symbol stream 426 in accordance with one ormore existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.) corresponding to a first frequency band(fb₁) and/or a second frequency band. The 2^(nd) baseband processingmodule 415 may perform one or more of scrambling, encoding,constellation mapping, modulation, frequency spreading, frequencyhopping, beamforming, space-time-block encoding, space-frequency-blockencoding, and/or digital baseband to IF conversion to convert theoutbound non-real-time data 424 into the outbound non-real-time datasymbol stream 426. Depending on the desired formatting of the outboundnon-real-time data symbol stream 426, the 2^(nd) baseband processingmodule 415 may generate the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream426 as Cartesian coordinates, as Polar coordinates, or as hybridcoordinates.

The RF section 416 converts the outbound non-real-time data symbolstream 426 into an outbound RF non-real-time data signal 428 having acarrier frequency in the first frequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) and/orthe second frequency band (e.g., 1920-1980 MHz) in accordance with theone or more existing wireless communication standards, new wirelesscommunication standards, modifications thereof, and/or extensionsthereof (e.g., EDGE, GPRS, etc.). In one embodiment, the RF section 416receives the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream 426 as Cartesiancoordinates. In this embodiment, the RF section 416 mixes the in-phasecomponents of the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream 426 with anin-phase local oscillation to produce a first mixed signal and mixes thequadrature components of the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream426 to produce a second mixed signal. The RF section 416 combines thefirst and second mixed signals to produce an up-converted data signal.The RF section 416 then amplifies the up-converted data signal toproduce the outbound RF non-real-time data signal 428. Note that furtherpower amplification may occur after the output of the RF section 416.

In other embodiments, the RF section 416 receives the outboundnon-real-time data symbol stream 426 as Polar or hybrid coordinates. Inthese embodiments, the RF section 416 modulates a local oscillator basedon phase information of the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream426 to produce a phase modulated RF signal. The RF section 416 thenamplifies the phase modulated RF signal in accordance with amplitudeinformation of the outbound non-real-time data symbol stream 426 toproduce the outbound RF non-real-time data signal 428. Alternatively,the RF section 416 may amplify the phase modulated RF signal inaccordance with a power level setting to produce the outbound RFnon-real-time data signal 428.

For incoming data communications, the RF section 416 converts theinbound RF non-real-time data signal 430, which has a carrier frequencyin the first frequency band (e.g., 890-915 MHz) and/or in the secondfrequency band (e.g., 2110-2170 MHz) into an inbound non-real-time datasymbol stream 432. In one embodiment, the RF section 416 extractsCartesian coordinates from the inbound RF non-real-time data signal 430to produce the inbound non-real-time data symbol stream 432. In anotherembodiment, the RF section 416 extracts Polar coordinates from theinbound RF non-real-time data signal 430 to produce the inboundnon-real-time data symbol stream 432. In yet another embodiment, the RFsection 416 extracts hybrid coordinates from the inbound RFnon-real-time data signal 430 to produce the inbound non-real-time datasymbol stream 432.

The 2^(nd) baseband processing module 415 converts the inboundnon-real-time data symbol stream 432 into inbound non-real-time data434. The 2^(nd) baseband processing module 415 may perform one or moreof descrambling, decoding, constellation demapping, modulation,frequency spreading decoding, frequency hopping decoding, beamformingdecoding, space-time-block decoding, space-frequency-block decoding,and/or IF to digital baseband conversion to convert the inboundnon-real-time data symbol stream 432 into the inbound non-real-time data434. The 2^(nd) baseband processing module 415 may provide the inboundnon-real-time data 434 to the wireline interface 420 and/or to the hostinterface 418.

FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of acommunication device 10 that includes a real-time/non-real-time RF IC410 and a processing core IC 412. The real-time/non-real-time RF IC 410includes the 1^(st) baseband processing module 414, the 2^(nd) basebandprocessing module 415, the RF section 416, the bus structure 422, thewireline interface 420, the host interface 418, and an interface module450.

In this embodiment, the real-time/non-real-time RF IC 410 may be is in areal-time mode or a non-real time mode. The real-time mode may beactivated by the user of the communication device 10 and/or 30 byinitiating a cellular telephone call, by receiving a cellular telephonecall, by initiating a walkie-talkie type call, by receiving awalkie-talkie type call, by initiating a voice record function, byreceiving and/or transmitting streaming video, and/or by another voiceactivation selection mechanism. The non-real-time mode may be activatedby the user of the communication device 10 and/or 30 by initiating atext message, by receiving a text message, by initiating a web browserfunction, by receiving a web browser response, by initiating a data filetransfer, and/or by another data activation selection mechanism.

When the real-time/non-real-time RF IC 410 is in the real-time mode, theinterface module 450 provides the inbound real-time symbols 444 from theRF section 416 to the 1^(st) baseband processing module 414 and providesthe outbound real-time symbols 438 from the 1^(st) baseband processingmodule 414 to the RF section 416. When the real-time/non-real-time RF IC410 is in the non-real-time mode, the interface module 450 provides theinbound non-real-time symbols 432 from the RF section 416 to the 2^(nd)baseband processing module 415 and provides the outbound non-real-timesymbols 426 from the 2^(nd) baseband processing module 415 to the RFsection 416. Otherwise, the 1^(st) baseband processing module 414, the2^(nd) baseband processing module 415, and the RF section 416 functionas previously described with reference to FIG. 25.

FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an interfacemodule 84, 234, 374, or 450 that includes a receive/transmit section460, a control section 462, and a clock section 464. The control section462 provides a control communication path 482 between the basebandprocessing module and the RF section or circuit without the need for ICpads, line drivers, and/or voltage level shifting circuits as are oftenneeded for IC to IC communication. The clock section 464 provides aclock communication path 484 between the baseband processing module andthe RF section or circuit without the need for IC pads, line drivers,and/or voltage level shifting circuits as are often needed for IC to ICcommunication. The control section 462 will be described in greaterdetail with reference to FIG. 30 and the clock section 464 will bedescribed in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 27-29.

The receive/transmit section 460, which will be described in greaterdetail with reference to FIG. 31, provides the stream of inbound symbols(e.g., inbound data or non-real-time symbol stream 468 and/or theinbound voice or real-time symbol stream 472) from the RF circuit to thebaseband processing module when the IC 50, 70 and/or 410 is in a receivemode. This is done without the need for IC pads, line drivers, and/orvoltage level shifting circuits as are often needed for IC to ICcommunication. Note that the inbound data or non-real-time symbol stream468 includes one or more of the inbound data and/or non-real-time symbolstreams 104, 248, 432. Further note that the inbound voice or real-timesymbol stream 472 includes one or more of the inbound voice and/orreal-time symbol streams 100, 260, 444.

The receive/transmit section 460 provides the stream of outbound symbols(e.g., outbound data or non-real-time data symbol stream 466 and/oroutbound voice or real-time symbol stream 470) from the basebandprocessing module to the RF circuit when the IC 50, 70, and/or 410 in atransmit mode. Note that the outbound data or non-real-time symbolstream 466 includes one or more of the outbound data and/ornon-real-time symbol streams 110, 242, 426. Further note that theinbound voice or real-time symbol stream 472 includes one or more of theinbound voice and/or real-time symbol streams 98, 254, 438.

FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a clock section464 that includes a strobe connection 490, a system clock connection492, and a system clock enable connection 494. The strobe connection 490provides timing information 496 of an event 498 from the basebandprocessing module to the RF circuit. For example, the strobe connection490 may be used to support the baseband section transmitting preamblesymbols to the RF section at the beginning of a transmit event (e.g.,outbound data and/or voice signal). As another example, the strobeconnection 490 may be used to support the baseband section transmittingpostamble symbols to the RF section at the end of a transmit event. Asyet another example, the strobe connection may be used for the basebandsection to indicate how many symbols are to be transmitted for a giventransmit event. Other uses of the strobe connection 490 may includepower ramping, advancing a state machine within the RF section,triggering a next event in an event first in first out (FIFO) buffer,and/or synchronizing events within the RF section.

The system clock connection 492 provides a system clock 500 from the RFcircuit to the baseband processing module when the connection 492 isenabled. The system clock enable connection 494 provides a system clockenable signal 502 from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit.

FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a clocksection 464 that includes a 1^(st) connection section 510, a 2^(nd)connection section 512, and a system clock module 504. The system clockmodule 504, which may be a crystal oscillator circuit, phase lockedloop, frequency multiplier circuit, frequency divider circuit, and/orcounter, generates a system clock 508 when enabled via an enable signal506 provided by the baseband processing module.

The 1^(st) connection 510 may include a baseband clock module 518 thatgenerates a baseband clock signal 514 from the system clock 508 andprovides the baseband clock signal 514 to the baseband processingmodule. The baseband clock module 518 may generate the baseband clocksignal 514 in a variety of ways. For example, the baseband clock module518 may include a buffer that drives the system clock 508 as thebaseband clock signal 514. As another example, the baseband clock module518 may include a frequency multiplier that multiples frequency of thesystem clock 508 by a multiplicand to produce the baseband clock signal514. As another example, the baseband clock module 518 may include afrequency divider that divides frequency of the system clock 508 by adivisor to produce the baseband clock signal 514. As another example,the baseband clock module 518 may include a phase locked loop togenerate the baseband clock signal 514 from the system clock 508. As yetanother example, the baseband clock module 518 may include a combinationof one or more of the buffer, frequency multiplier, frequency divider,and phase locked loop to produce the baseband clock signal 514 from thesystem clock 508.

The 2^(nd) connection 512 may include an RF clock module 520 thatgenerates an RF clock signal 516 from the system clock 508 and providesthe RF clock signal 516 to the RF section. The RF clock module 520 maygenerate the RF clock signal 516 in a variety of ways. For example, theRF clock module 520 may include a buffer that drives the system clock508 as the RF clock signal 516. As another example, the RF clock module520 may include a frequency multiplier that multiples frequency of thesystem clock 508 by a multiplicand to produce the RF clock signal 516.As another example, the baseband clock module 520 may include afrequency divider that divides frequency of the system clock 508 by adivisor to produce the RF clock signal 516. As another example, the RFclock module 520 may include a phase locked loop to generate the RFclock signal 516 from the system clock 508. As yet another example, theRF clock module 520 may include a combination of one or more of thebuffer, frequency multiplier, frequency divider, and phase locked loopto produce the RF clock signal 516 from the system clock 508.

FIG. 30 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a controlsection 462 that includes a control data connection 530, a control dataenable connection 532, and a control clock connection 534. The controldata connection 530, when enabled 538 via the control data enableconnection 532, carries control data information 536 between thebaseband processing module and the RF circuit or section. The controldata information 538 includes one or more of: a read/write signal,address bits, and control data bits. The control data bits may containone or more of: power level settings, amplitude modulation information,automatic gain settings, calibration settings, channel selection, and/orreceived signal strength indications.

The control data enable connection 532 provides an enable signal 538that indicates the start and end of the control data information. Thecontrol clock connection 534 provides a control clock signal 540 to thecontrol data connection for clocking of the control data information536.

FIG. 31 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of atransmit/receive section 460 that includes a serial connection circuit550 and a receive/transmit (R/T) enable connection 552. The serialconnection circuit 550 includes a serial receive connection circuit 566and a serial transmit connection circuit 568. The serial receiveconnection circuit 566 includes a receive buffer 558, a multiplexer 562,and a demultiplexer 564. The serial transmit connection circuit includesa transmit buffer 560, a multiplexer 570, and a demultiplexer 572.

In general, the serial connection circuit 550 provides the stream ofinbound symbols 468 and/or 472 from the RF circuit to the basebandprocessing module when the RIT enable connection 552 indicates thereceive mode. The serial connection circuit 550 also provides the streamof outbound symbols 466 and/or 470 from the baseband processing moduleto the RF circuit when the R/T enable connection 552 indicates thetransmit mode. The R/T enable connection 552 receives a transmit modesignal 554 from the baseband processing module and provides it to the RFcircuit to establish the transmit mode and receives a receive modesignal 556 from the RF circuit and provides it to the basebandprocessing module to establish the receive mode.

The serial receive connection circuit 566 receives an in-phase (I)component and a quadrature component (Q) of the inbound data ornon-real-time data symbol stream 468 when the receive/transmit sectionis in a receive non-real-time (NRT) data mode as indicated by NRT or RTreceive signal 556. In this mode, the buffer stores the I and Qcomponents of the inbound data or non-real-time data symbol stream 468.The multiplexer 562, which may be a multiplexer, interleaving circuit,switching circuit, and/or any other circuit that provides two signals ona same transmission line, multiplexes between the I component and the Qcomponent to create a serial stream of multiplexed I and Q data, whichmay be routed on the IC to the baseband processing module.

The demultiplexer 564, which may be a demultiplexer, deinterleavingcircuit, switching circuit and/or any other circuit that separates twomultiplexed signals from the same transmission line, separates the I andQ components from the serial stream of multiplexed I and Q data. In thisembodiment, the demultiplexer 564 is proximal on the IC to the basebandprocessing module while the receive buffer 558 and the multiplexer 562is proximal on the IC to the RF section.

The serial receive connection circuit 566 also receives an in-phase (I)component and a quadrature component (Q) of the inbound voice orreal-time data symbol stream 472 when the receive/transmit section is ina receive real-time (RT) data mode as indicated by NRT or RT receivesignal 556. In this mode, the buffer 558 stores the I and Q componentsof the inbound voice or real-time data symbol stream 472. Themultiplexer 562 multiplexes between the I component and the Q componentto create a serial stream of multiplexed I and Q data, which may berouted on the IC to the baseband processing module. The demultiplexer564 separates the I and Q components from the serial stream ofmultiplexed I and Q data.

The serial transmit connection circuit 568 receives an in-phase (I)component and a quadrature component (Q) of the outbound data ornon-real-time data symbol stream 466 when the receive/transmit sectionis in a transmit non-real-time (NRT) data mode as indicated by NRT or RTtransmit signal 554. In this mode, the buffer 560 stores the I and Qcomponents of the outbound data or non-real-time data symbol stream 466.The multiplexer 570, which may be a multiplexer, interleaving circuit,switching circuit, and/or any other circuit that provides two signals ona same transmission line, multiplexes between the I component and the Qcomponent to create a serial stream of multiplexed I and Q data, whichmay be routed on the IC to the RF section.

The demultiplexer 572, which may be a demultiplexer, deinterleavingcircuit, switching circuit and/or any other circuit that separates twomultiplexed signals from the same transmission line, separates the I andQ components from the serial stream of multiplexed I and Q data. In thisembodiment, the demultiplexer 572 is proximal on the IC to the RFsection while the multiplexer 570 and the transmit buffer 560 areproximal on the IC to the baseband processing module.

FIG. 32 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50, 70 and/or 410 that includes a baseband processing module582, an on-chip baseband-to-FR interface module 84, 234, 374, or 450, anRF circuit 584, and at least one IC pin 586. The baseband processingmodule 582 may be a single processing device or a plurality ofprocessing devices. Such a processing device may be a microprocessor,micro-controller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, centralprocessing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logicdevice, state machine, logic circuitry, analog circuitry, digitalcircuitry, and/or any device that manipulates signals (analog and/ordigital) based on hard coding of the circuitry and/or operationalinstructions. The processing module 582 may have an associated memoryand/or memory element, which may be a single memory device, a pluralityof memory devices, and/or embedded circuitry of the processing module.Such a memory device may be a read-only memory, random access memory,volatile memory, non-volatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory,flash memory, cache memory, and/or any device that stores digitalinformation. Note that when the processing module implements one or moreof its functions via a state machine, analog circuitry, digitalcircuitry, and/or logic circuitry, the memory and/or memory elementstoring the corresponding operational instructions may be embeddedwithin, or external to, the circuitry comprising the state machine,analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry.

In this embodiment, the baseband processing module 582 converts outbounddata 588 into a stream of outbound symbols 588. The outbound data 582may be outbound voice signals, outbound data, outbound real-time data,and/or outbound non-real-time data that the baseband processing module582 converts into the stream of outbound symbols 588 in a manner aspreviously described with reference to baseband processing modules 80,170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, or 415.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a first mode as indicated by modesignal 596, the interface module 84, 234, 374, or 450 provides thestream of outbound symbols 588 to the RF circuit 584. In this mode, theRF circuit 584 converts the stream of outbound symbols 588 into outboundRF signals 602 in a manner as previously discussed with reference to theRF sections 82, 236, 238, 372, or 416.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a second mode as indicated by the modesignal 596, the interface module 84, 234, 374, or 450 provides anoff-chip stream of outbound symbols 594 to the RF circuit 594. In thismode, the RF circuit 594 converts the off-chip stream of outboundsymbols 594 into the outbound RF signals 602. In one embodiment, theoff-chip stream of outbound symbols 594 is a stream of test symbolsprovided by a tester to test the RF circuit 594. In another embodiment,an off-chip baseband processing module generates the off-chip stream ofoutbound symbols 594 from off-chip data and provides the off-chip streamof outbound symbols 594 to the IC pin 586.

The RF circuit 584 also receives inbound RF signals 604 and convertsthem into a stream of inbound symbols 590. The inbound RF signals 604may be inbound RF voice signals, inbound RF data signals, inbound RFreal-time signals, and/or inbound RF non-real-time signals. In thisembodiment, the RF circuit 584 converts the inbound RF signals 604 intothe stream of inbound symbols 590 in a manner as previously discussedwith reference to the RF sections 82, 236, 238, 372, or 416.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the first mode as indicated by the modesignal 596, the interface module 84, 234, 374, or 450 provides thestream of inbound symbols 590 to baseband processing module 582. Thebaseband processing module 582 converts the stream of inbound symbols590 into inbound data 600 in a manner as previously described withreference to baseband processing modules 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370,414, or 415.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the second mode as indicated by themode signal 596, the interface module 84, 234, 374, or 450 provides anoff-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 to the baseband processing module582. In this mode, the baseband processing module 582 converts theoff-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 into the inbound data 600 in amanner as previously described with reference to baseband processingmodules 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, or 415. In one embodiment, theoff-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 is a stream of test symbolsprovided by a tester to test the baseband processing module 582. Inanother embodiment, an off-chip RF circuit generates the off-chip streamof inbound symbols 592 from an off-chip inbound RF signal and providesthe off-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 to the IC pin 586.

In one embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230,232, 370, 414, or 415, the RF circuit or section 82, 236, 238, 372, or416, and the on-chip baseband-to-RF interface module 84, 234, 374, or450 are fabricated on a single die using a complimentary metal oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) process of at most sixty-five nano-meters.

FIG. 33 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of aninterface module 84, 234, 374, or 450 that includes the receive/transmitsection 610, the control section 612, the clock section 614, and 1^(st)through 6^(th) IC pins. In this embodiment, the 1^(st) IC pin provides aconnection an alternate path for the stream of outbound symbols 588; the2^(nd) IC pin provides a connection for an off-chip stream of inboundsymbols 592; the 3^(rd) IC pin provides a connection for an off-chipstream of outbound symbols 594; the 4^(th) IC pin provides an alternatepath for the stream of inbound symbols 590; the 5^(th) IC pin provides aconnection for an alternate control path 28; and the 6^(th) IC pinprovides a connection for an alternate clock path 630.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a transmit state of the first mode 616,the receive/transmit section 610 provides the stream of outbound symbols588 from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit. When the IC50, 70, or 410 is in a receive state of the first mode 620, thereceive/transmit section 610 provides the stream of inbound symbols 590from the RF circuit to the baseband processing module.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a transmit state of a second mode 618,the receive/transmit section 610 provides the stream of outbound symbols588 from the baseband processing module to a first IC pin. In oneembodiment, the stream of outbound symbols 588 may be used to the testthe baseband processing module. In another embodiment, the stream ofoutbound symbols 588 may be provided to an off-chip RF section thatconverts the outbound stream of symbols 588 into an outbound RF signal.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a receive state of a second mode 624,the receive/transmit section 610 provides an off-chip stream of inboundsymbols 592 from the second IC pin to the baseband processing module. Inone embodiment, the off-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 may be astream of test symbols to test the baseband processing module. Inanother embodiment, the off-chip stream of inbound symbols 592 may beprovided from an off-chip RF section that produced the off-chip streamof inbound symbols 592 from another inbound RF signal.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a transmit state of a third mode 626,the receive/transmit section 610 provides an off-chip stream of outboundsymbols 594 from a third IC pin to the RF circuit. In one embodiment,the off-chip stream of outbound symbols 594 is a stream of test symbolsprovided by a tester to test the RF circuit 594. In another embodiment,an off-chip baseband processing module generates the off-chip stream ofoutbound symbols 594 from off-chip data and provides the off-chip streamof outbound symbols 594 to the IC pin 586.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in a receive state of a third mode 622,the receive/transmit section 610 provides the stream of inbound symbols590 from the RF circuit to a fourth IC pin. In one embodiment, thestream of inbound symbols 590 may be provided to a tester for testingthe RF circuit. In another embodiment, the stream of inbound symbols areprovided to an off-chip baseband processing module, which converts inthe stream of inbound symbols 590 into off-chip inbound data.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 in the first state, the control section 612provides the control communication path 482 between the basebandprocessing module and the RF circuit and the clock section 614 providesa clock communication path 484 between the baseband processing moduleand the RF circuit. When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the second state,the control section 612 provides a first alternate control communicationpath between a fifth IC pin and the baseband processing module and theclock section 614 provides a first alternate clock communication pathbetween a sixth IC pin and the baseband processing module. When the IC50, 70, or 410 is in the third state, the control section 612 provides asecond alternate control communication path between the fifth IC pin andthe RF circuit and the clock section 614 provides a second alternateclock communication path between the sixth IC pin and the RF circuit.Note that the IC 50, 70, or 410 may further include a control dataenable IC pin coupled to facilitate the second and third control dataenable connections and a control clock IC pin coupled to facilitate thesecond and third control clock connection.

FIG. 34 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of atransmit/receive section 610 that includes a receive/transmit (R/T)enable circuit 648, a 1^(st) bidirectional connection 640, a 2^(nd)bidirectional connection 642, a 3^(rd) bidirectional connection 644, anda switching circuit 646. In this illustration, the receive/transmitsection 610 is coupled to the baseband processing module 582, the RFcircuit 584, and a receive/transmit (R/T) enable circuit 648.

In this embodiment, the first bidirectional connection 640 is coupled tothe baseband processing module 582; the second bidirectional connection642 is coupled to the RF circuit 584, and the third bidirectionalconnection 644 is coupled to at least one of the first, second, third,and fourth IC pins. The first, second, and third bidirectionalconnections 640-644 may be a wire, a 3-wire interface, a bidirectionaltransistor switch, etc.

The switching circuit 646, which may be switching network, transistornetwork, multiplexer network, etc., couples the first and secondbidirectional connections 640 and 642 together when the IC 50, 70, or410 is in the first mode. In this mode, the inbound and outbound signalsare routed between the baseband processing module 582 and the RF circuit584. In addition, the R/T enable circuit 648 provides the transmitenable signal 658 from the baseband processing module 582 to the RFcircuit 584 and provides the receive enable signal 660 from the RFcircuit 584 to the baseband processing module 582.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the second mode, the switching circuit646 couples the first bidirectional connection 640 to the thirdbidirectional connection 644. In this mode, the baseband processingmodule 582 is coupled to the 1^(st) through 4^(th) IC pins for testing,processing of off-chip inbound symbols, and/or for providing outboundsymbols off-chip. In addition, the R/T enable circuit 648 provides afirst alternative transmit signal 652 to the baseband processing module582 for controlling when the baseband processing module 582 generatesoutbound symbols. The R/T enable circuit 648 also provides a 1^(st)alternate receive signal 650 to the baseband processing module 582 forcontrolling when the baseband processing module 582 receives off-chipinbound symbols.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the third mode, the switching circuit646 couples the second bidirectional connection 642 to the thirdbidirectional connection 644. In this mode, the RF circuit 584 iscoupled to the 1^(st) through 4^(th) IC pins for testing, processing ofoff-chip outbound symbols, and/or for providing inbound symbolsoff-chip. In addition, the R/T enable circuit 648 provides a secondalternative transmit signal 656 to the RF circuit 584 for controllingwhen the RF circuit 584 provides the inbound symbols off-chip. The R/Tenable circuit 648 also provides a 2^(nd) alternate receive signal 654to the RF circuit for controlling when the RF circuit receives off-chipoutbound symbols.

FIG. 35 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a controlsection 462 coupled to an alternate control IC pin 628. The controlsection 462 includes the control data circuit 670, the control enablecircuit 672, and the control clock circuit 674. The control data circuit670 includes a first control data connection 676, a second control dataconnection 678, and a third control data connection 680. The controlenable circuit 672 includes a first control data enable connection 682,a second control data enable connection 684, and a third control dataenable connection 686. The control clock circuit 674 includes a firstcontrol clock connection 688, a second control clock connection 690, anda third control clock connection 692.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the first mode, the first control dataconnection 676 carries, when enabled, control data information 696between the baseband processing module and the RF circuit. In this mode,the a first control data enable connection 682 provides an enable signalto the first control data connection 676 to indicate a start and an endof the control data information 694. Also in this mode, the firstcontrol clock connection 688 provides a control clock signal 700 to thefirst control data connection 676 for clocking the control datainformation 694.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the second mode, the second controldata connection 678 carries first alternate control data information 696between the baseband processing module 582 and the control data IC pin628. In this mode, the second control data enable connection 684provides an enable signal to the second control data connection 678 toindicate a start and an end of the first alternate control datainformation 696. Also in this mode, the second control clock connection690 carries a first alternate control clock signal 702 to the secondcontrol data connection 678 for clocking the first alternate controldata information 696.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the third mode, the third control dataconnection 680 carries second alternate control data information 698between the control data IC pin 628 and the RF circuit 584. In thismode, the third control data enable connection 686 provides an enablesignal to the third control data connection 680 to indicate a start andan end of the second alternate control data information 698. Also inthis mode, the third control clock connection 692 carries a secondalternate control clock signal 704 to the third control data connection680 for clocking the second alternate control data information 698. Notethat the alternate control data 696, 698, the alternate control clocks702, 704, and the alternate control data enable signals may be generatedoff-chip, by the baseband processing module 582, and/or by the RFcircuit 584.

FIG. 36 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a clocksection 614 coupled to the baseband processing module 582, the RFcircuit 584, a strobe IC pin 728, a system clock IC pin 730, and asystem clock enable IC pin 732. The clock section 614 includes first,second, and third strobe connections 710, 712, and 714, first, second,and third system clock connections 716, 718, 720, and first, second, andthird system clock enable connections 722, 724, and 726. The clocksection 614 may also include an adjustable clock source 746.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the first mode, the first strobeconnection 710 provides timing information 734 of an event from thebaseband processing module 582 to the RF circuit 584. In this mode, thefirst system clock connection 716 provides a system clock 738 from theRF circuit 584 to the baseband processing module 582. Also in this mode,the first system clock enable connection 722 provides a system clockenable signal 742 from the baseband processing module 582 to the RFcircuit 584.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the second mode, the second strobeconnection 712 provides the timing information 734 of an event from thebaseband processing module 582 to the strobe IC pin 728. In this mode,the second system clock connection 718 provides a second system clock740 from the system clock IC pin 703 to the baseband processing module582. Also in this mode, the second system clock enable connection 724provides the system clock enable signal 742 from the baseband processingmodule 582 to the system clock enable IC pin 732.

When the IC 50, 70, or 410 is in the third mode, the third strobeconnection 714 provides third timing information 736 of an event fromthe strobe IC pin 728 to the RF circuit 584. In this mode, the thirdsystem clock connection 720 provides the system clock 738 from the RFcircuit 582 to the system clock IC pin 730. Also in this mode, the thirdsystem clock enable connection 726 provides a second system clock enablesignal 744 from the system clock enable IC pin 732 to the RF circuit582.

The adjustable clock source that provides a first adjustable clocksignal to at least one of the baseband processing module and the RFcircuit via the clock communication path, wherein rate of the firstadjustable clock signal is adjusted based on at least one of theconverting of the outbound data into the stream of outbound symbols andthe converting the stream of inbound symbols into the inbound data.

FIG. 37 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a Voice Data RFIC 50, 70, and/or 410 coupled to an adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74. The Voice Data RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 includes a basebandprocessing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, 416, and/or 582 andan RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584.

In this embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230,232, 370, 414, 416, and/or 582 converts an outbound signal into a streamof outbound symbols and converts a stream of inbound symbols into aninbound signal. The outbound signal and the inbound signal may each be avoice signal, a real-time signal, a data signal, and/or a non-real-timesignal. The conversion of outbound signals into outbound symbols and theconversion of inbound symbols into inbound signals performed by thebaseband processing module is done in a manner as previously describedwith reference to baseband processing modules 80, 170, 172, 230, 232,370, 414, or 415.

The RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584 convertsinbound RF signals 112, 116, 246, 258, 430, 442, 468, and/or 472 intothe stream of inbound symbols and converts the stream of outboundsymbols into outbound RF signals 114, 118, 244, 256, 428, 440, 466,and/or 470. The conversion of outbound symbols into outbound RF signalsand the conversion of inbound RF signals into inbound symbols performedby RF circuit is done in a manner as previously discussed with referenceto the RF sections 82, 236, 238, 372, or 416.

The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 is coupled to the atleast one antenna 754 and to the RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238,372, 416, and/or 584. When a first antenna control signal 750 is active,the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 receives the outboundRF signals 114, 118, 244, 256, 428, 440, 466, and/or 470 from the RFcircuit and provides them to the at least one antenna 754 fortransmission. When a second control signal 752 is active, the adjustableantenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 receives the inbound RF signals 112,116, 246, 258, 430, 442, 468, and/or 472 from the at least one antenna754 and provides them to the RF circuit.

In one embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230,232, 370, 414, 416, and/or 582 generates the first and second antennacontrol signals 750 and 752. In another embodiment, the RF section orcircuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584 generates the first andsecond antenna control signals 750 and 752. In another embodiment,either of the he baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370,414, 416, and/or 582 and the RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372,416, and/or 584 may generate the first and second antenna controlsignals 750 and 752

FIG. 38 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 coupled to an adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74. The Voice Data RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 includes abaseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, 416, and/or582 and an RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584. Inthis embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232,370, 414, 416, and/or 582 and the RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238,372, 416, and/or 584 function as previously described with reference toFIG. 37.

In this embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74is coupled to a transmit antenna 760 and a receive antenna 762. When thefirst antenna control signal 750 is active, the adjustable antennainterface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples the transmit antenna 760 to the RFcircuit for transmitting the outbound RF signals. When the secondantenna control signal 752 is active, the adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74 couples the receive antenna 762 to the RF circuit forreceiving the inbound RF. Note that, in this embodiment, the outbound RFsignals have a carrier frequency within a transmit band of a first orsecond frequency band and the inbound RF signals have a carrierfrequency within a receive band of the first or second frequency band.

FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 coupled to an adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74. The Voice Data RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 includes abaseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, 416, and/or582 and an RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584. Inthis embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232,370, 414, 416, and/or 582 and the RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238,372, 416, and/or 584 function as previously described with reference toFIG. 37.

In this embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74is coupled to a 1^(st) antenna 764 and a 2^(nd) antenna 766. When afirst multi-mode (MM) state of the first antenna control signal 750, theadjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples the first antenna764 to the RF circuit for transmitting the outbound RF signals. When afirst multi-mode (MM) state of the second antenna control signal 752 isactive, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples thefirst antenna 764 to the RF circuit for receiving the inbound RFsignals. In these modes, the inbound and outbound RF signals have acarrier frequency in a first frequency band and the first antenna andthe adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 are tuned to thefirst frequency band.

When a second multi-mode (MM) state of the first antenna control signal750 is active, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the second antenna 766 to the RF circuit for transmitting secondoutbound RF signals. When a second multi-mode state of the secondantenna control signal is active, the adjustable antenna interface 52,72, and/or 74 couples the second antenna 762 to the RF circuit forreceiving second inbound RF signals. In these modes, the second inboundand outbound RF signals have a carrier frequency within a secondfrequency band.

When a first diversity state 768 of the first antenna control signal 750is active, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couplesthe first antenna 764 to the RF circuit for transmitting the outbound RFsignals. When a first diversity state 770 of the second antenna controlsignal 752 is active, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the first antenna 764 to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF signals.

When a second diversity state 772 of the first antenna control signal750 is active, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the second antenna 766 to the RF circuit for transmitting theoutbound RF signals. When a second diversity state 774 of the secondantenna control signal 752 is active, the adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74 couples the second antenna 762 to the RF circuit forreceiving the inbound RF signals. In this embodiment, the first andsecond antennas 760 and 762 are shared for transmitting and receiving,but are used in a diversity manner, where the antennas 760 and 762 arephysically spaced by a quarter wavelength or at some other distance,such that if a null is occurring at one of the antennas 760 and 762 dueto multi-path fading, the other antenna should not be experiencing anull. In this instance, the IC 50, 70, and/or 410 would select theantenna not experiencing the null for transmitting or receiving the RFsignals.

FIG. 40 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an adjustableantenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 that includes a channel filter 780,an antenna tuning circuit 782, an impedance matching circuit 784, and/ora switching circuit 786. If the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 includes a channel filter 780, the channel filter 780 iscoupled to adjust a filter response of the adjustable antenna interfacebased on a channel selection signal associated with the first or secondantenna control signal. For example, the channel filter 780 may be aband pass filter that is tuned to a particular channel or channels of afrequency band (e.g., the first or second frequency bands).

If the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 includes anantenna tuning circuit 782, the antenna tuning circuit 782 is coupled totune a response of the at least one antenna based on an antenna tuningsignal 788 associated with the first or second antenna control signal750 or 752. For instance, if an antenna is a half wavelength antenna fora particular frequency within a frequency band, but the RF signal iswithin the frequency band, but not the exact frequency, the antennatuning circuit 782 adjusts the effective length of the antenna to thedesired half wavelength. As an example, assume the particular frequencyis 900 MHz, but the actual RF signal is at 960 MHz, then the halfwavelength length is 16.67 centimeters (cm) (i.e.,0.5*(3×10⁸)/(900×10⁶). However, for a 960 MHz signal, the desired halfwavelength length is 15.63 cm. In this example, the antenna tuningcircuit 782, which includes one or more inductors and one or morecapacitors, has its resonant frequency adjusted to the actual frequencyof the inbound or outbound RF signal (e.g., 760 MHz) such that theeffective length of the antenna is adjusted to 15.63 cm even though theactual length is 16.67 cm.

If the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 includes animpedance matching circuit 784, the impedance matching circuit 784 iscoupled to adjust impedance of the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 based on an impedance matching control signal 790 associatedwith the first or second antenna control signal 750 or 752. In thisinstance, the impedance matching circuit 784 includes one or moreinductors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors that areselectively enabled by the impedance matching control signal 790 suchthat the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 has an impedancethat substantially matches the impedance of the antenna. Note that inone embodiment, the impedance matching circuit 784 and the antennatuning circuit 782 may be combined into one circuit and provide antennatuning and impedance matching.

If, in one embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or74 includes a switching circuit 786, the switching circuit 786 is asingle-ended to single-ended switching circuit that receives the inboundRF signals as single-ended signals from the at least one antenna andprovides the inbound RF signals as the single-ended signals to the RFcircuit. The single-ended to single-ended switching circuit alsoreceives the outbound RF signals as single-ended signals from the RFcircuit and provides the outbound RF signals as single-ended signals tothe at least one antenna. In one embodiment, the switching circuit 786includes a buffer or unity gain amplifier.

If, in another embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 includes a switching circuit 786, the switching circuit 786 isa single-ended to differential switching circuit that receives theinbound RF signals as single-ended signals from the at least one antennaand provides the inbound RF signals as differential signals to the RFcircuit. The single-ended to differential switching circuit alsoreceives the outbound RF signals as differential signals from the RFcircuit and provides the outbound RF signals as single-ended signals tothe at least one antenna. In one embodiment, the single-ended todifferential switching circuit is a transformer balun.

If, in another embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 includes a switching circuit 786, the switching circuit 786 isa differential to differential switching circuit that receives theinbound RF signals as differential signals from the at least one antennaand provides the inbound RF signals as the differential signals to theRF circuit. The differential to differential switching circuit alsoreceives the outbound RF signals as differential signals from the RFcircuit and provides the outbound RF signals as the differential signalsto the at least one antenna. In one embodiment, the differential todifferential switching circuit may be a differential unity gainamplifier.

FIG. 41 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of anadjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 coupled to the RF sectionor circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584. The adjustable antennainterface 52, 72, and/or 74 includes an impedance matching circuit 802,a single-ended to differential conversion circuit 800, an RFdifferential switch 804, and may further include an antenna tuningcircuit 782.

The adjustable impedance matching circuit 802 receives inbound RFsignals 112, 116, 246, 258, 430, 442, 468 and/or 472 from the at leastone antenna and outputs outbound RF signals 114, 118, 244, 256, 428,440, 466, and/or 470. In this embodiment, the adjustable impedancematching circuit 802 provides an impedance based on an impedance controlsignal 810 provided by an integrated circuit (IC). The adjustableimpedance matching circuit 802 may include one or more inductors, one ormore resistors, and one or more capacitors that are selectively enabledby the impedance matching control signal 810 such that the adjustableantenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 has an impedance that substantiallymatches the impedance of the antenna.

If the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 includes anantenna tuning circuit 782, the antenna tuning circuit 782 is coupled totune a response of the at least one antenna based on an antenna tuningsignal 788 associated with the first or second antenna control signal750 or 752 as previously discussed. Note that in one embodiment, theimpedance matching circuit 802 and the antenna tuning circuit 782 may becombined into one circuit and provide antenna tuning and impedancematching.

The single-ended to differential conversion circuit 806, which may beone or more transformer baluns, is coupled to convert inbound radiofrequency (RF) signals from single-ended signals to differential signalsto produce differential inbound RF signals 806 and to convert outboundRF signals 808 from differential signals to single-ended signals toproduce single-ended outbound RF signals.

The RF differential switch 804, which may be a transmit/receive switch,provides the differential outbound RF signals 808 from the IC to thesingle-ended to differential conversion circuit 806 in accordance with afirst antenna control signal 750 and provides the differential inboundRF signals 806 from the single-ended to differential conversion circuit800 to the IC in accordance with a second antenna control signal 752.

The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 may be expanded toinclude a second single-ended to differential conversion circuit and asecond adjustable impedance matching circuit. In this embodiment, thesecond single-ended to differential conversion circuit is coupled toconvert second inbound RF signals from single-ended signals todifferential signals to produce second differential inbound RF signalsand to convert second outbound RF signals from differential signals tosingle-ended signals to produce second single-ended outbound RF signals.

The second adjustable impedance matching circuit provides a secondimpedance based on a second impedance control signal provided by the IC.In this embodiment, the RF differential switch 804 provides the seconddifferential outbound RF signals from the IC to the second single-endedto differential conversion circuit in accordance with a third antennacontrol signal and provides the second differential inbound RF signalsfrom the second single-ended to differential conversion circuit to theIC in accordance with a fourth antenna control signal.

In one embodiment, the single-ended to differential conversion circuit804 includes a transmit single-ended to differential conversion circuitand a receive single-ended to differential conversion circuit. Thetransmit single-ended to differential conversion circuit converts theoutbound RF signals from differential signals to single-ended signals toproduce the single-ended outbound RF signals, wherein the single-endedoutbound RF signals are provided to a transmit antenna. The receivesingle-ended to differential conversion circuit converts the inbound RFsignals from single-ended signals to differential signals to produce thedifferential inbound RF signals, wherein the inbound RF signals arereceived via a receive antenna. Note that the adjustable antennainterface 52, 72, and/or 74 may include an input for receiving the firstantenna control signal 750, the second antenna control signal 752, andthe impedance control signal 810 from the IC.

FIG. 42 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a VoiceData RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 coupled to an adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74. The Voice Data RF IC 50, 70, and/or 410 includes abaseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232, 370, 414, 416, and/or582 and an RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238, 372, 416, and/or 584. Inthis embodiment, the baseband processing module 80, 170, 172, 230, 232,370, 414, 416, and/or 582 and the RF section or circuit 82, 236, 238,372, 416, and/or 584 function as previously described with reference toFIG. 37.

In this embodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the at least one antenna 754 to transmit the outbound RF voicesignals 114, 256, and/or 440 in response to a first antenna controlsignal 750, couples the at least one antenna 754 to receive the inboundRF voice signals 112, 258, and/or 442 in response to a second antennacontrol signal 752, couples the at least one antenna 754 to transmit theoutbound RF data signals 118, 244, and/or 428 in response to a thirdantenna control signal 820, and to couple the at least one antenna 754to receive the inbound RF data signals 116, 246, and/or 430 in responseto a fourth antenna control signal 822, where the IC provides the first,second, third, and fourth antenna control signals.

In one embodiment, the at least one antenna 754 includes a transmitantenna and receive antenna. In this embodiment, the adjustable antennainterface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples the transmit antenna to the RFcircuit for transmitting at least one of the outbound RF voice signalsand the outbound RF data signals in response to at least one of thefirst and third antenna control signals. In addition, the adjustableantenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples the receive antenna to theRF circuit for receiving at least one of the inbound RF voice signalsand the inbound RF data signals in response to at least one of thesecond and fourth antenna control signals, wherein the outbound RF voicesignals have a carrier frequency within a voice transmit band and theinbound RF voice signals have a carrier frequency within a voice receiveband.

In another embodiment, the at least one antenna includes a voicetransmit antenna, a data transmit antenna, a voice receive antenna, anda data receive antenna. In this embodiment, the adjustable antennainterface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples the voice transmit antenna to the RFcircuit for transmitting the outbound RF voice signals in response tothe first antenna control signal 750. The adjustable antenna interface52, 72, and/or 74 couples the data transmit antenna to the RF circuitfor transmitting the outbound RF data signals in response to the thirdantenna control signal 820. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 couples the voice receive antenna to the RF circuit forreceiving the inbound RF voice signals in response to the second antennacontrol signal 752. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the data receive antenna to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF data signals in response to the fourth antenna control signal822. In this embodiment, the outbound RF voice signals have a carrierfrequency within a voice transmit band and the inbound RF voice signalshave a carrier frequency within a voice receive band, and wherein theoutbound RF data signals have a carrier frequency within a data transmitband and the inbound RF data signals have a carrier frequency within adata receive band.

In another embodiment, the at least one antenna 754 includes a diversityantenna structure of a first antenna and a second antenna. In thisembodiment, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couplesthe first antenna to the RF circuit for transmitting the outbound RFvoice signals in response to a first diversity state of the firstantenna control signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or74 couples the first antenna to the RF circuit for transmitting theoutbound RF data signals in response to a first diversity state of thethird antenna control signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 couples the first antenna to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF voice signals in response to a first diversity state of thesecond antenna control signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 couples the first antenna to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF data signals in response to a first diversity state of thefourth antenna control signal.

Further, the adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74 couples thesecond antenna to the RF circuit for transmitting the outbound RF voicesignals in response to a second diversity state of the first antennacontrol signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72, and/or 74couples the second antenna to the RF circuit for transmitting theoutbound RF data signals in response to a second diversity state of thethird antenna control signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 couples the second antenna to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF voice signals in response to a second diversity state of thesecond antenna control signal. The adjustable antenna interface 52, 72,and/or 74 couples the second antenna to the RF circuit for receiving theinbound RF data signals in response to a second diversity state of thefourth antenna control signal.

As may be used herein, the terms “substantially” and “approximately”provides an industry-accepted tolerance for its corresponding termand/or relativity between items. Such an industry-accepted toleranceranges from less than one percent to fifty percent and corresponds to,but is not limited to, component values, integrated circuit processvariations, temperature variations, rise and fall times, and/or thermalnoise. Such relativity between items ranges from a difference of a fewpercent to magnitude differences. As may also be used herein, theterm(s) “coupled to” and/or “coupling” and/or includes direct couplingbetween items and/or indirect coupling between items via an interveningitem (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, anelement, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for indirect coupling, theintervening item does not modify the information of a signal but mayadjust its current level, voltage level, and/or power level. As mayfurther be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where one element iscoupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirectcoupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”. As mayeven further be used herein, the term “operable to” indicates that anitem includes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s),etc., to perform one or more its corresponding functions and may furtherinclude inferred coupling to one or more other items. As may stillfurther be used herein, the term “associated with”, includes directand/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item beingembedded within another item. As may be used herein, the term “comparesfavorably”, indicates that a comparison between two or more items,signals, etc., provides a desired relationship. For example, when thedesired relationship is that signal 1 has a greater magnitude thansignal 2, a favorable comparison may be achieved when the magnitude ofsignal 1 is greater than that of signal 2 or when the magnitude ofsignal 2 is less than that of signal 1.

The present invention has also been described above with the aid ofmethod steps illustrating the performance of specified functions andrelationships thereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functionalbuilding blocks and method steps have been arbitrarily defined hereinfor convenience of description. Alternate boundaries and sequences canbe defined so long as the specified functions and relationships areappropriately performed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences arethus within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention.

The present invention has been described above with the aid offunctional building blocks illustrating the performance of certainsignificant functions. The boundaries of these functional buildingblocks have been arbitrarily defined for convenience of description.Alternate boundaries could be defined as long as the certain significantfunctions are appropriately performed. Similarly, flow diagram blocksmay also have been arbitrarily defined herein to illustrate certainsignificant functionality. To the extent used, the flow diagram blockboundaries and sequence could have been defined otherwise and stillperform the certain significant functionality. Such alternatedefinitions of both functional building blocks and flow diagram blocksand sequences are thus within the scope and spirit of the claimedinvention. One of average skill in the art will also recognize that thefunctional building blocks, and other illustrative blocks, modules andcomponents herein, can be implemented as illustrated or by discretecomponents, application specific integrated circuits, processorsexecuting appropriate software and the like or any combination thereof.

1. An integrated circuit (IC) comprises: a baseband processing modulecoupled to: convert outbound data into a stream of outbound symbols; andconvert a stream of inbound symbols into inbound data; a radio frequency(RF) circuit coupled to: convert inbound RF signals into the stream ofinbound symbols; and convert the stream of outbound symbols intooutbound RF signals; and an on-chip baseband-to-RF interface thatincludes: a receive/transmit section that, when in a receive mode,provides the stream of inbound symbols from the RF circuit to thebaseband processing module and, when in a transmit mode, provides thestream of outbound symbols from the baseband processing module to the RFcircuit; a control section that provides a control communication pathbetween the baseband processing module and the RF circuit; and a clocksection that provides a clock communication path between the basebandprocessing module and the RF circuit.
 2. The IC of claim 1, wherein theclock section comprises at least one of: a strobe connection thatprovides timing information of an event from the baseband processingmodule to the RF circuit; a system clock connection for providing, whenenabled, a system clock from the RF circuit to the baseband processingmodule; and a system clock enable connection for providing a systemclock enable signal from the baseband processing module to the RFcircuit.
 3. The IC of claim 1, wherein the clock section comprises: asystem clock module coupled to generate a system clock when enabled; afirst connection to provide a baseband clock signal to the basebandprocessing module, wherein the baseband clock signal is derived from thesystem clock; and a second connection to provide an RF clock signal tothe RF circuit, wherein the RF clock signal is derived from the systemclock.
 4. The IC of claim 3, wherein the clock section furthercomprises: a baseband clock module coupled to generate the basebandclock signal from the system clock; and an RF clock module coupled togenerate the RF clock signal from the system clock.
 5. The IC of claim4, wherein each of the baseband clock module and the RF clock modulecomprises at least one of: a buffer coupled to drive the system clock asthe baseband clock signal or as the RF clock signal; a frequencymultiplier coupled to multiple the system clock by a multiplicand toproduce the baseband clock signal or the RF clock signal; a frequencydivider coupled to divide the system clock by a divisor to produce thebaseband clock signal or the RF clock signal; and a phase locked loop togenerate the baseband clock signal or the RF clock signal from thesystem clock.
 6. The IC of claim 1, wherein the control sectioncomprises: a control data connection that carries, when enabled, controldata information between the baseband processing module and the RFcircuit; a control data enable connection that signals a start and anend of the control data information; and a control clock connection thecarries a control clock signal for the control data information.
 7. TheIC of claim 6, wherein the control data information comprises: aread/write signal; address bits; and control data bits.
 8. The IC ofclaim 1, wherein the receive/transmit section comprises at least one of:a serial connection circuit to provide the stream of inbound symbolsfrom the RF circuit to the baseband processing module when in thereceive mode and to provide the stream of outbound symbols from thebaseband processing module to the RF circuit when in the transmit mode;and a receive/transmit enable connection for carrying a transmit signalfrom the baseband processing module to the RF circuit to establish thetransmit mode and for carrying a receive signal from the RF circuit tothe baseband processing module to establish the receive mode.
 9. The ICof claim 8, wherein the serial connection circuit comprises: a receivebuffer for buffering the stream of inbound symbols; and a transmitbuffer for buffering the stream of outbound symbols for stream transmitmode or block transmit mode.
 10. The IC of claim 8, wherein the serialconnection circuit comprises: a multiplexer to multiplex in-phasecomponents with quadrature components to produce the stream of inboundsymbols.
 11. The IC of claim 1, wherein the receive/transmit sectioncomprises: a serial receive connection circuit coupled to provide thestream of inbound symbols from the RF circuit to the baseband processingmodule; and a serial transmit connection circuit coupled to provide thestream of outbound symbols from the baseband processing module to the RFcircuit.
 12. The IC of claim 11, wherein the serial receive connectioncircuit comprises: an in-phase connection for carrying an in-phasecomponent of the stream of inbound symbols; and a quadrature connectionfor carrying a quadrature component of the stream of inbound symbols.13. An on-chip baseband-to-radio frequency (RF) interface comprises: areceive/transmit section that: in a voice receive mode, provides astream of inbound voice symbols from a radio frequency (RF) circuit to avoice baseband processing module; in a voice transmit mode, provides astream of outbound voice symbols from the voice baseband processingmodule to the RF circuit; in a data receive mode, provides a stream ofinbound data symbols from the RF circuit to a data baseband processingmodule; and in a data transmit mode, provides a stream of outbound datasymbols from the data baseband processing module to the RF circuit; acontrol section that provides a control communication path between theRF circuit and at least one of the voice baseband processing module andthe data baseband processing module; and a clock section that provides aclock communication path between the RF circuit and at least one of thevoice baseband processing module and the data baseband processingmodule.
 14. The on-chip baseband-to-RF interface of claim 13, whereinthe clock section comprises at least one of: a strobe connection thatprovides timing information of an event from the voice basebandprocessing module or the data baseband processing module to the RFcircuit; a system clock connection for providing, when enabled, a systemclock from the RF circuit to the voice baseband processing module or thedata baseband processing module; and a system clock enable connectionfor providing a system clock enable signal from the voice basebandprocessing module or the data baseband processing module to the RFcircuit.
 15. The on-chip baseband-to-RF interface of claim 13, whereinthe control section comprises: a control data connection that carries,when enabled, control data information between the voice basebandprocessing module or the data baseband processing module and the RFcircuit; a control data enable connection that signals a start and anend of the control data information; and a control clock connection thecarries a control clock signal for the control data information.
 16. Theon-chip baseband-to-RF interface of claim 13, wherein thereceive/transmit section comprises at least one of: a serial connectioncircuit to: provide the stream of inbound voice symbols from the RFcircuit to the voice baseband processing module when in the voicereceive mode; provide the stream of outbound voice symbols from thevoice baseband processing module to the RF circuit when in the voicetransmit mode; provide the stream of inbound data symbols from the RFcircuit to the data baseband processing module when in the data receivemode; provide the stream of outbound data symbols from the data basebandprocessing module to the RF circuit when in the data transmit mode; anda receive/transmit enable connection for: carrying a voice transmitsignal from the voice baseband processing module to the RF circuit toestablish the voice transmit mode; carrying a voice receive signal fromthe RF circuit to the voice baseband processing module to establish thevoice receive mode; carrying a data transmit signal from the databaseband processing module to the RF circuit to establish the datatransmit mode; and carrying a data receive signal from the RF circuit tothe data baseband processing module to establish the data receive mode.17. The on-chip baseband-to-RF interface of claim 16, wherein the serialconnection circuit comprises: a receive buffer for buffering the streamof inbound voice symbols or the stream of inbound data symbols; and atransmit buffer for buffering the stream of outbound voice symbols orthe stream of outbound data symbols.
 18. The on-chip baseband-to-RFinterface of claim 16, wherein the serial connection circuit comprises:a first multiplexer to multiplex in-phase voice components withquadrature voice components to produce the stream of inbound voicesymbols; and a second multiplexer to multiplex in-phase data componentswith quadrature data components to produce the stream of inbound datasymbols.
 19. The on-chip baseband-to-RF interface of claim 13, whereinthe receive/transmit section comprises: a serial receive connectioncircuit coupled to provide the stream of inbound voice symbols or thestream of inbound data symbols from the RF circuit to the basebandprocessing module; and a serial transmit connection circuit coupled toprovide the stream of outbound voice symbols or the stream of outbounddata symbols from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit. 20.An integrated circuit (IC) comprises: a baseband processing modulecoupled to: convert outbound data into a stream of outbound symbols; andconvert a stream of inbound symbols into inbound data; a radio frequency(RF) circuit coupled to: convert inbound RF signals into the stream ofinbound symbols; and convert the stream of outbound symbols intooutbound RF signals; and an on-chip baseband-to-RF interface coupled to:provide the stream of outbound symbols from the baseband processingmodule to the RF circuit in a first mode; provide the stream of inboundsymbols from the RF circuit to the baseband processing module in thefirst mode; provide the stream of outbound symbols from the basebandprocessing module to at least one IC pin in a second mode; provide anoff-chip stream of inbound symbols from the at least one IC pin to thebaseband processing module in the second mode; provide an off-chipstream of outbound symbols from the at least one IC pin to the RFcircuit in a third mode; and provide the stream of inbound symbols fromthe RF circuit to the at least one IC pin in the third mode.
 21. The ICof claim 20, wherein the on-chip baseband-to-RF interface comprises: areceive/transmit section coupled to: provide the stream of outboundsymbols from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit in atransmit state of the first mode; provide the stream of inbound symbolsfrom the RF circuit to the baseband processing module in a receive stateof the first mode; provide the stream of outbound symbols from thebaseband processing module to a first IC pin of the at least one IC pinin a transmit state of the second mode; provide an off-chip stream ofinbound symbols from a second IC pin of the at least one IC pin to thebaseband processing module in a receive state of the second mode;provide an off-chip stream of outbound symbols from a third IC pin ofthe at least one IC pin to the RF circuit in a transmit state of thethird mode; and provide the stream of inbound symbols from the RFcircuit to a fourth IC pin of the at least one IC pin in a receive stateof the third mode; a control section that provides a controlcommunication path between the baseband processing module and the RFcircuit when in the first state, provides a first alternate controlcommunication path between a fifth IC pin of the at least one IC pin andthe baseband processing module when in the second mode, and provides asecond alternate control communication path between the fifth IC pin andthe RF circuit when in the third state; and a clock section thatprovides a clock communication path between the baseband processingmodule and the RF circuit when in the first mode, provides a firstalternate clock communication path between a sixth IC pin of the atleast one IC pin and the baseband processing module when in the secondmode, and provides a second alternate clock communication path betweenthe sixth IC pin and the RF circuit when in the third state.
 22. The ICof claim 21, wherein the receive/transmit section comprises: a firstbidirectional connection coupled to the baseband processing module; asecond bidirectional connection coupled to the RF circuit; a thirdbidirectional connection coupled to at least one of the first, second,third, and fourth IC pins; and a switching circuit operable to couplethe first and second bidirectional connections when in the first mode,couple the first and third bidirectional connections when in the secondmode, and couple the second and third bidirectional connections when inthe third mode.
 23. The IC of claim 21, wherein the receive/transmitsection comprises: a receive/transmit enable IC pin of the at least oneIC pin coupled to receive at least one of a first alternate receivesignal, a first alternate transmit signal, a second alternate receivesignal, and a second alternate transmit signal; and a receive/transmitenable circuit coupled to: carry a transmit signal from the basebandprocessing module to the RF circuit to establish the transmit state ofthe first mode; carry a receive signal from the RF circuit to thebaseband processing module to establish the receive state of the firstmode; carry the first alternate transmit signal from thereceive/transmit enable IC pin to the baseband processing module toestablish the transmit state of the second mode; carry the firstalternate receive signal from receive/transmit enable IC pin to thebaseband processing module to establish the receive state of the secondmode; carry the second alternate transmit signal from thereceive/transmit enable IC pin to the RF circuit to establish thetransmit state of the third mode; and carry the second alternate receivesignal from receive/transmit enable IC pin to the RF circuit toestablish the receive state of the third mode.
 24. The IC of claim 21,wherein the control section comprises: a control data circuit thatincludes: a first control data connection that carries, when enabled,control data information between the baseband processing module and theRF circuit when in the first mode; a second control data connection thatcarries, when enabled, first alternate control data information betweenthe baseband processing module and a control data IC pin of the at leastone IC pin when in the second mode; and a third control data connectionthat carries, when enabled, second alternate control data informationbetween the control data IC pin and the RF circuit when in the thirdmode; a control enable circuit that includes: a first control dataenable connection that signals a start and an end of the control datainformation when in the first mode; a second control data enableconnection that signals a start and an end of the first alternatecontrol data information when in the second mode; and a third controldata enable connection that signals a start and an end of the secondalternate control data information when in the first mode; and a controlclock circuit that includes: a first control clock connection thecarries a control clock signal for the control data information when inthe first mode; a second control clock connection the carries a firstalternate control clock signal for the first alternate control datainformation when in the second mode; and a third control clockconnection the carries a second alternate control clock signal for thesecond alternate control data information when in the third mode. 25.The IC of claim 21, wherein the control section comprises: a controldata enable IC pin coupled to facilitate the second and third controldata enable connections; and a control clock IC pin coupled tofacilitate the second and third control clock connection.
 26. The IC ofclaim 21, wherein the clock section comprises: a first strobe connectionthat provides timing information of an event from the basebandprocessing module to the RF circuit when in the first mode; a secondstrobe connection that provides the timing information of an event fromthe baseband processing module to a strobe IC pin of the at least one ICpin when in the second mode; a third strobe connection that providesthird timing information of an event from the strobe IC pin to the RFcircuit when in the third mode; a first system clock connection forproviding, when enabled, a system clock from the RF circuit to thebaseband processing module when in the first mode; a second system clockconnection for providing, when enabled, a second system clock from asystem clock IC pin of the at least one IC pin to the basebandprocessing module when in the second mode; a third system clockconnection for providing, when enabled, the system clock from the RFcircuit to the system clock IC pin when in the third mode; a firstsystem clock enable connection for providing a system clock enablesignal from the baseband processing module to the RF circuit when in thefirst mode; a second system clock enable connection for providing thesystem clock enable signal from the baseband processing module to asystem clock enable IC pin of the at least one IC pin when in the secondmode; and a third system clock enable connection for providing a secondsystem clock enable signal from the system clock enable IC pin to the RFcircuit when in the third mode.
 27. The IC of claim 21 furthercomprises: an adjustable clock source that provides a first adjustableclock signal to at least one of the baseband processing module and theRF circuit via the clock communication path, wherein rate of the firstadjustable clock signal is adjusted based on at least one of theconverting of the outbound data into the stream of outbound symbols andthe converting the stream of inbound symbols into the inbound data. 28.The IC of claim 20 comprises: the baseband processing module, the RFcircuit, and the on-chip baseband-to-RF interface fabricated on a singledie using a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process of atmost sixty-five nano-meters.